PHP框架YII笔记之1
1 用脚手架安装yiic,注意把framework下的yiic和php下的php.exe放到PATH中去，
假设应用目录为yiidemo,则先
cd yiidemo
yiic webapp demo(这个是应用程序的名)
之后会产生框架
2 创建controller
cd yiidemo
yiic shell
此时可以help去看帮助
先产生的controller
controller message(controller名） helloworld（方法名）
默认在protectd目录下也产生controller,并且views目录下也有同controller
名相同的views文件
运行：
http://localhost:8082/myphp/yiidemo/index.php?r=message/helloWorld
往视图中传递参数也是一样的：
$theTime = date("D M j G:i:s T Y");
$this->render('helloWorld',array('time'=>$theTime));
VIEW中：
<?php echo $time; ?>
3 yii的HTML帮助类的连接：
<?php echo CHtml::link("Goodbye",array('message/goodbye'));?>
出来的会是一个LINK了，第一个参数是连接的文字，第2个数组是
key-value,分别是controller/method
4 yii的单元测试
测试文件放在protected/tests/unit/中
一般是以Action+Test命名，比如MessageTest.class
,如果要测试的方法为actionHelloworld(),则测试方法为
testActionHelloworld().
功能测试文件放在protected/tests/functional中
5 单元测试步骤
1）安装phpunit
pear channel-discover pear.phpunit.de
pear install phpunit/PHPUnit
（注意升级下pear upgrade -all)
2)下载selenium RC SERVER
3) 修改 test目录下的WebTestCase.php,设置为
define('TEST_BASE_URL','http://localhost:8082/myphp/yiidemo/index-
test.php/');
4） 启动selenium server
5) 测试开始
cd protected/tests/
phpunit functional/SiteTest.php
会自动打开IE，FIREFOX去测试，可以到test\phpunit.xml中去修改浏览器设置
6）TDD
每写一个类，则
phpunit unit/XXXX.PHP测试下
例子
<?
Yii::import('application.controllers.MessageController');
class MessageTest extends CTestCase
{
public function testRepeat()
{
$message = new MessageController('messageTest');
$yell = "Hello, Any One Out There?";
$returnedMessage = $message->repeat($yell);
$this->assertEquals($returnedMessage, $yell);
}
}
?>
7 数据库连接
$connection=new CDbConnection($dsn,$username,$password);
SQLite: sqlite:/path/to/dbfile
? MySQL: mysql:host=localhost;dbname=testdb
? PostgreSQL: pgsql:host=localhost;port=5432;dbname=testdb
? SQL Server: mssql:host=localhost;dbname=testdb
? Oracle: oci:dbname=//localhost:1521/testdb
配置文件在
/protected/config/main.php
修改为MYSQL配置
// application components
'components'=>array(
…
'db'=>array(
'connectionString' => 'mysql:host=127.0.0.1;dbname=trackstar_dev',
'emulatePrepare' => true,
'username' => 'your_db_user_name',
'password' => 'your_db_password',
'charset' => 'utf8',
),
),
使用时：Yii::app()->db
8 启动GII
gii是快速构建的工具之一,实际上就是一个网页的脚手架产生工具
1)配置
protected\config\main.php
增加：
'modules'=>array(
'gii'=>array(
'class'=>'system.gii.GiiModule',
'password'=>'[自己定的密码]',
),
),
2) 在数据库中建立表后，到GII中产生MODEL类
3)继续单元测试
<?php
class ProjectTest extends CDbTestCase
{
public function testCRUD()
{
//Create a new project
$newProject=new Project;
$newProjectName = 'Test Project 1';
$newProject->setAttributes(
array(
'name' => $newProjectName,
'description' => 'Test project number one',
'create_time' => '2010-01-01 00:00:00',
'create_user_id' => 1,
'update_time' => '2010-01-01 00:00:00',
'update_user_id' => 1,
)
);
$this->assertTrue($newProject->save(false));
}
}
?>
其中save传递的false参数，是说保存时不再验证合法性了
测试读：
//READ back the newly created project
$retrievedProject=Project::model()->findByPk($newProject->id);
$this->assertTrue($retrievedProject instanceof Project);
$this->assertEquals($newProjectName,$retrievedProject->name);
$newProject->id找出其ID主键
更新及删除
//UPDATE the newly created project
$updatedProjectName = 'Updated Test Project 1';
$newProject->name = $updatedProjectName; $this-
>assertTrue($newProject->save(false));
//read back the record again to ensure the update worked
$updatedProject=Project::model()->findByPk($newProject->id);
$this->assertTrue($updatedProject instanceof Project);
$this->assertEquals($updatedProjectName,$updatedProject->name);
//DELETE the project
$newProjectId = $newProject->id;
$this->assertTrue($newProject->delete());
$deletedProject=Project::model()->findByPk($newProjectId);
$this->assertEquals(NULL,$deletedProject);
再用脚手架的crud generator，于是就CRUD都可以生成了。
9 validator
YII有很多validator,用法：
public function rules()
{
// NOTE: you should only define rules for those attributes that
// will receive user inputs.
return array(
array('create_user_id, update_user_id', 'numerical','integerO
nly'=>true),
array('name', 'length', 'max'=>128),
array('create_time, update_time', 'safe'),
// The following rule is used by search().
// Please remove those attributes that should not be searched.
array('id, name, description, create_time, create_user_id,
update_time, update_user_id', 'safe', 'on'=>'search'),
array('name', 'required'),
);
}
'on'=>'insert'之类的，是说在INSERT的情况下，规则适合用
array('name','字段’，'字段2'......'required'),
10 创建TEST FIXTURE
1）protected/tests/fixtures/tbl_project.php，文件都在
protected/tests/fixtures下创建
比如
<?php
return array(
'project1'=>array(
'name' => 'Test Project 1',
'description' => 'This is test project 1',
'create_time' => '',
'create_user_id' => '',
'update_time' => '',
'update_user_id' => '',
),
'project2'=>array(
'name' => 'Test Project 2',
'description' => 'This is test project 2',
'create_time' => '',
'create_user_id' => '',
'update_time' => '',
'update_user_id' => '',
),
'project3'=>array(
'name' => 'Test Project 3',
'description' => 'This is test project 3',
'create_time' => '',
'create_user_id' => '',
'update_time' => '', 'update_user_id' => '',
),
);
之后，在tests/unit/ProjectTest.php中建立：
<?php
class ProjectTest extends CDbTestCase
{
public $fixtures=array
(
'projects'=>'Project',
);
}
告诉我们去使用刚才的fixture.
使用测试数据
$projectOne = $this->projects['project1'];
11） 在测试时，使用测试数据库
在protected/config/test.php中，如下设置：
return CMap::mergeArray(
require(dirname(__FILE__).'/main.php'),
array(
'components'=>array(
'fixture'=>array(
'class'=>'system.test.CDbFixtureManager',
),
'db'=>array(
'connectionString' =>
'mysql:host=localhost;dbname=trackstar_test',
'emulatePrepare' => true,
'username' => '[your db username]',
'password' => '[your db password]',
'charset' => 'utf8',
),
),
)
);
