在Django模板中使用css、javascript 等静态文件
在使用Django开发的Web项目中是避免不了使用css、javascript、js等静态文件的,而对于这些静态文件的处理,django官网这样写:Django itself doesn’t serve static (media) files, such as images, style sheets, or video. It leaves that job to whichever Web server you choose.就是说django本身不处理类似于图片、样式表、视频等静态文件,它将此项工作交给了你选择的Web服务器。
在网上搜索到的django项目处理静态文件的示例中,大家似乎都在使用如下的方法让django处理静态文件:
urlpatterns += patterns('', (r'^static/(?P.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve', {'document_root': settings.MEDIA_ROOT}), )
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而对于django.views.static.serve方法,django官网说得很清楚:Using this method is?inefficient and?insecure. Do not use this in a production setting. Use this only for development.就是说这种方法是低效且不安全的,不要在生产环境使用此方法,只在开发环境使用。
这时对于静态文件的处理,我们只能使用我们选择的Web服务器来处理了。比如使用nginx服务器的话,可以如下设置:
先设置settings.py,如下,
MEDIA_ROOT = '/home/denghaiping/workspace/djcode/mysite/static/'# URL that handles the media served from MEDIA_ROOT. Make sure to use a# trailing slash.# Examples: "http://media.lawrence.com/media/", "http://example.com/media/"MEDIA_URL = '/static/'# Absolute path to the directory static files should be collected to.# Don't put anything in this directory yourself; store your static files# in apps' "static/" subdirectories and in STATICFILES_DIRS.# Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/static/"STATIC_ROOT = ''# URL prefix for static files.# Example: "http://media.lawrence.com/static/"STATIC_URL = '/static/'# URL prefix for admin static files -- CSS, JavaScript and images.# Make sure to use a trailing slash.# Examples: "http://foo.com/static/admin/", "/static/admin/".ADMIN_MEDIA_PREFIX = '/static/admin/'
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apache2 配置如下:
<Location "/static/">SetHandler NoneOrder allow,denyAllow from all </Location>Alias /static /home/denghaiping/workspace/djcode/mysite/staticAlias /static/admin /usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/media<Location "/static/admin">SetHandler None Order allow,denyAllow from all </Location>
?如此配置以后,就可以让web服务器来高效的处理静态文件,而让django来处理动态内容。