Spring温习(6)--邮件发送实现
Spring对邮件发送支持的很好，我们只要配置好邮件发送器，写好邮件发送具体操作类的方法，那么实现就不是很难的事，不过这个过程中经常会出现这样或那样的错误，所以待讲完本篇后我会总体总结下spring邮件发送容易发生的错误及解决办法
关于邮件发送，不外乎有这么几种情况，一种是纯文本的发送，一种是HTML形式的发送，一种就是发送时带有附件，一种就是发送时采取的事群发，针对这几个我将一一来讲下，我的代码中将第一中归为一大类，后面三种归为一代类，所以将会出现两种配置文件
第一大类邮件发送【纯文本发送】
必须包：spring.jar,common-logging.jar,mail.jar,servlet.jar，common-collection.jar
首先我们来看spring配置文件applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"> <!--定义邮件发送器，配置好发送者详细信息--><bean id="mailSender" value="smtp.163.com" /><property name="port" value="25" /><property name="username" value="emailusername" /><property name="password" value="emailpassword" /><property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" /><property name="javaMailProperties"><props><prop key="mail.smtp.auth">true</prop></props></property></bean><bean id="emailService" ref="mailSender" /></bean></beans>
用到的实体类Order.java
package com.javacrazyer.comon;import java.io.Serializable;public class Order implements Serializable {/* Private Fields */private int orderId;private String username;private String useremail;public int getOrderId() {return orderId;}public void setOrderId(int orderId) {this.orderId = orderId;}public String getUsername() {return username;}public void setUsername(String username) {this.username = username;}public String getUseremail() {return useremail;}public void setUseremail(String useremail) {this.useremail = useremail;}}?
?邮件发送类的接口类MailService.java
package com.javacrazyer.comon;/** * 使用Spring发送邮件 * */public interface MailService {void sendOrderMail(Order order);}?
具体实现的邮件发送类SendOrderConfirmationEmailAdvice.java
package com.javacrazyer.comon;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import org.springframework.mail.MailSender;import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;public class SendOrderConfirmationEmailAdvice implements MailService{private String from="emailusername@163.com"; //发送人邮箱地址,必须与spring配置文件中的邮箱地址一样private String registeTemplateName = "com/javacrazyer/comon/mail_registe.txt";private MailSender mailSender;public void setMailSender(MailSender mailSender) { this.mailSender = mailSender; }public void sendOrderMail(Order order) {//SimpleMialMessage只能用来发送TEXT格式的邮件SimpleMailMessage mail = new SimpleMailMessage();mail.setFrom(this.from);mail.setTo(order.getUseremail());mail.setSubject("恭喜你成功注册成为SOMEDAY商城的会员!");mail.setText(loadTemplateContent(registeTemplateName).replaceAll("\\$\\{LOGINNAME\\}", order.getUsername()));this.mailSender.send(mail);}private String loadTemplateContent(String templateName){StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();BufferedReader br= null;try{br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(Thread.currentThread() .getContextClassLoader() .getResourceAsStream(templateName), "UTF-8"));String lineSeparator = System.getProperty("line.separator");for(String str = null; (str = br.readLine()) != null;){sb.append(str);sb.append(lineSeparator);}}catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace();}finally{if(br != null){try {br.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}return sb.toString();}}?用到的mail_registe.txt
亲爱的${LOGINNAME}：您好!恭喜你成为SOMEDAY商城的会员!你的登录用户名为：${LOGINNAME}你的登录口令为：******(隐藏)本站网址：http://www.yoursitename.cn联系邮箱：hr@yoursite.cn?
测试发送
package com.javacrazyer.service.test;import org.junit.Test;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;import com.javacrazyer.comon.MailService;import com.javacrazyer.comon.Order;public class UserServiceTest {@Testpublic void test() throws InterruptedException {ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");MailService sf = (MailService) context.getBean("emailService");Order order = new Order();order.setUsername("cheneywu");order.setUseremail("xxxxxx@qq.com");sf.sendOrderMail(order);}}?注意查收邮箱中的信息哦
第二大类邮件发送【HTML格式的发送，群发，附件】
? 除了上面包外，还需要spring-webmvc.jar,freemarker.jar,为什么需要freemarker呢，因为要发送HTML格式的文件，所以要先写好HTML内容的文件，然后用模板freemarker匹配其中的值，Spring中对freemarker也有很好的支持
?spring配置文件applicatonContext-html.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"><bean id="freeMarker"value="classpath:mailTemplate" /><!--指定模板文件目录--><property name="freemarkerSettings"><!-- 设置FreeMarker环境属性--><props><prop key="template_update_delay">1800</prop><!--刷新模板的周期，单位为秒--><prop key="default_encoding">UTF-8</prop><!--模板的编码格式 --><prop key="locale">zh_CN</prop><!-- 本地化设置--></props></property></bean><!-- 注意:这里的参数(如用户名、密码)都是针对邮件发送者的 --><bean id="mailSender" value="smtp.163.com" /><property name="port" value="25" /><property name="username" value="emailusername" /><property name="password" value="emailpassword" /><property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" /><property name="javaMailProperties"><props><prop key="mail.smtp.auth">true</prop></props></property></bean><bean id="emailService" ref="mailSender"></property><property name="freeMarkerConfigurer" ref="freeMarker"></property></bean></beans>
?模板文件目mailTemplate下的模板文件registe.ftl 【这个文件无名字、后缀无所谓，只要内容是HTML内容即可】
<html> <head> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf8"> </head> <body> 恭喜您成功注册！您的用户名为：<font color='red' size='30'>${LOGINNAME}</font> </body> </html> ?具体邮件发送类EmailService.java
??
package com.javacrazyer.comon;import java.io.File;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import javax.mail.Message;import javax.mail.MessagingException;import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;import org.springframework.mail.MailSender;import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;import org.springframework.ui.freemarker.FreeMarkerTemplateUtils;import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer;import freemarker.template.Template;public class EmailService implements MailService {private JavaMailSender mailSender;private FreeMarkerConfigurer freeMarkerConfigurer = null; // FreeMarker的技术类public void setMailSender(JavaMailSender mailSender) { this.mailSender = mailSender; }public void setFreeMarkerConfigurer(FreeMarkerConfigurer freeMarkerConfigurer) {this.freeMarkerConfigurer = freeMarkerConfigurer;}/** * 发送带模板的单个html格式邮件 */public void sendOrderMail(Order order) {MimeMessage msg = mailSender.createMimeMessage();// 设置utf-8或GBK编码，否则邮件会有乱码，true表示为multipart邮件try {MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(msg, true, "utf-8");helper.setTo(order.getUseremail()); // 邮件接收地址helper.setFrom("emailusername@163.com"); // 邮件发送地址,这里必须和xml里的邮件地址相同一致helper.setSubject("你好，恭喜你注册成功"); // 主题String htmlText;htmlText = getMailText(order.getUsername());helper.setText(htmlText, true); // 邮件内容，注意加参数true，表示启用html格式} catch (Exception e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();} // 使用模板生成html邮件内容mailSender.send(msg); // 发送邮件}/** * 批量发送带附件的html格式邮件，带附件 */public void sendBatchEmail(Order order, List<String> address) {MimeMessage msg = mailSender.createMimeMessage();try {MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(msg, true, "utf-8");String toList = getMailList(address);InternetAddress[] iaToList = new InternetAddress().parse(toList);msg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, iaToList);helper.setFrom("emailusername@163.com");helper.setSubject("你好，恭喜你注册成功");String htmlText = getMailText(order.getUsername());helper.setText(htmlText, true);// 添加内嵌文件，第1个参数为cid标识这个文件,第2个参数为资源helper.addInline("a", new File("E:/11.jpg")); // 附件内容helper.addInline("b", new File("E:/12.jpg"));File file = new File("E:/各种框架图介绍.docx");// 这里的方法调用和插入图片是不同的，使用MimeUtility.encodeWord()来解决附件名称的中文问题helper.addAttachment(MimeUtility.encodeWord(file.getName()), file);} catch (MessagingException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();} catch (Exception e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}// 如果主题出现乱码，可以使用该函数，也可以使用下面的函数// helper.setSubject(MimeUtility.encodeText(String text,String// charset,String encoding))// 第2个参数表示字符集，第三个为目标编码格式。// MimeUtility.encodeWord(String word,String charset,String encoding)mailSender.send(msg);}/** * 集合转换字符串 */public String getMailList(List<String> to) {StringBuffer toList = new StringBuffer();int length = to.size();if (to != null && length < 2) {toList.append(to.get(0));} else {for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {toList.append(to.get(i));if (i != (length - 1)) {toList.append(",");}}}return toList.toString();}// 通过模板构造邮件内容，参数content将替换模板文件中的${content}标签。private String getMailText(String content) throws Exception {String htmlText = "";// 通过指定模板名获取FreeMarker模板实例Template tpl = freeMarkerConfigurer.getConfiguration().getTemplate("registe.ftl");Map map = new HashMap(); // FreeMarker通过Map传递动态数据map.put("LOGINNAME", content); // 注意动态数据的key和模板标签中指定的属性相匹配// 解析模板并替换动态数据，最终content将替换模板文件中的${content}标签。htmlText = FreeMarkerTemplateUtils.processTemplateIntoString(tpl, map);return htmlText;}}? 单一发送HTML格式的邮件测试
??
?
?
package com.javacrazyer.service.test;import org.junit.Test;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;import com.javacrazyer.comon.MailService;import com.javacrazyer.comon.Order;public class UserServiceTest {@Testpublic void test() throws InterruptedException {ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext-html.xml");MailService sf = (MailService) context.getBean("emailService");Order order = new Order();order.setUsername("cheneywu");order.setUseremail("xxxxxx@qq.com");sf.sendOrderMail(order);}}?收到邮件了
群发，带附件的测试
package com.javacrazyer.service.test;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import org.junit.Test;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;import com.javacrazyer.comon.EmailService;import com.javacrazyer.comon.Order;public class UserServiceTest {@Testpublic void test() throws InterruptedException {ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext-html.xml");EmailService sf = (EmailService) context.getBean("emailService");Order order = new Order();order.setUsername("cheneywu");List<String> maillist = new ArrayList<String>();maillist.add("XXXXXX@qq.com");maillist.add("YYYYYY@qq.com");sf.sendBatchEmail(order, maillist);}}?收到邮件了哦
?看到了没有，这个上边有两个接收人，下边的是附件
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
1 楼 yuantong 2010-10-30 org.springframework.mail.MailSendException; nested exceptions (0) are: