Spring的事宜配置

2012-09-10

Spring的事务配置??? Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionMana

Spring的事务配置

??? Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。

??? DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。

??? 具体如下图：

Spring的事宜配置

??? 根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：

??? 第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
??? xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
??? xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
??? xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
??? xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

????<bean id="sessionFactory"??
??????????? class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">??
????????<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />??
????????<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
????</bean>??

??????
????<bean id="transactionManager"
??????? class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
????????<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
????</bean>
????
????
????<bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
????????<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
????</bean>
????
????<bean id="userDao"??
??????? class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">??
?????????????
???????????<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />?????
????????<property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />??
?????????<property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />
??????????
????????<property name="transactionAttributes">??
????????????<props>??
????????????????<prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
????????????</props>??
????????</property>??
????</bean>??
</beans>

??? 第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
??? xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
??? xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
??? xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
??? xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

????<bean id="sessionFactory"??
??????????? class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">??
????????<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />??
????????<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
????</bean>??

??????
????<bean id="transactionManager"
??????? class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
????????<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
????</bean>
????
????<bean id="transactionBase"??
??????????? class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"??
??????????? lazy-init="true" abstract="true">??
??????????
????????<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />??
??????????
????????<property name="transactionAttributes">??
????????????<props>??
????????????????<prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>??
????????????</props>??
????????</property>??
????</bean>????
???
????
????<bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
????????<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
????</bean>
????
????<bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" >??
????????<property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />???
????</bean>
</beans>

第三种方式：使用拦截器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
??? xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
??? xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
??? xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
??? xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

????<bean id="sessionFactory"??
??????????? class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">??
????????<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />??
????????<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
????</bean>??

??????
????<bean id="transactionManager"
??????? class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
????????<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
????</bean>
???
????<bean id="transactionInterceptor"??
??????? class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">??
????????<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />??
??????????
????????<property name="transactionAttributes">??
????????????<props>??
????????????????<prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>??
????????????</props>??
????????</property>??
????</bean>
??????
????<bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">??
????????<property name="beanNames">??
????????????<list>??
????????????????<value>*Dao</value>
????????????</list>??
????????</property>??
????????<property name="interceptorNames">??
????????????<list>??
????????????????<value>transactionInterceptor</value>??
????????????</list>??
????????</property>??
????</bean>??
??
????
????<bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
????????<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
????</bean>
</beans>

第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
??? xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
??? xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
??? xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
??? xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
??? xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
?????????? http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

????<context:annotation-config />
????<context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />

????<bean id="sessionFactory"??
??????????? class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">??
????????<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />??
????????<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
????</bean>??

??????
????<bean id="transactionManager"
??????? class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
????????<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
????</bean>

????<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
????????<tx:attributes>
????????????<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
????????</tx:attributes>
????</tx:advice>
????
????<aop:config>
????????<aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"
??????????? expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />
????????<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"
??????????? pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />????????
????</aop:config>??????
</beans>

第五种方式：全注解

此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下：

package com.bluesky.spring.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;

@Transactional
@Component("userDao")
public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {

????public List<User> listUsers() {
????????return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();
??? }
????
???? Spring的事宜配置

} Spring事务配置的五种方法备注（转） 2009-04-27 09:53

注意的几点:

1 @Transactional 只能被应用到public方法上, 对于其它非public的方法,如果标记了@Transactional也不会报错,但方法没有事务功能.

2 默认情况下,一个有事务方法, 遇到RuntiomeException 时会回滚 . 遇到 受检查的异常 是不会回滚 的. 要想所有异常都回滚,要加上 @Transactional( rollbackFor={Exception.class,其它异常}) .

@Transactional 的所有可选属性如下:

属性类型默认值说明 propagation Propagation枚举 REQUIRED 事务传播属性 (下有说明) isolation isolation枚举 DEFAULT 事务隔离级别 (另有说明) readOnly boolean false 是否只读 timeout int -1 超时(秒) rollbackFor Class[] {} 需要回滚的异常类 rollbackForClassName String[] {} 需要回滚的异常类名 noRollbackFor Class[] {} 不需要回滚的异常类 noRollbackForClassName String[] {} 不需要回滚的异常类名

事务的隔离级别有如下可选:

可以去看spring源码 : org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Isolation

我的"隔离级别"相关文章?? 有不明白的,可以去看看.

DEFAULT 采用数据库默认隔离级别 READ_UNCOMMITTED 请看"隔离级别"相关文章 READ_COMMITTED 请看"隔离级别"相关文章 REPEATABLE_READ 请看"隔离级别"相关文章 SERIALIZABLE 请看 "隔离级别"相关文章

事务的传播属性 ,有如下可选

可以去看spring源码 : org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation

REQUIRED 业务方法需要在一个事务中运行,如果方法运行时,已处在一个事务中,那么就加入该事务,否则自己创建一个新的事务.这是spring默认的传播行为. SUPPORTS 如果业务方法在某个事务范围内被调用,则方法成为该事务的一部分,如果业务方法在事务范围外被调用,则方法在没有事务的环境下执行. MANDATORY 只能在一个已存在事务中执行,业务方法不能发起自己的事务,如果业务方法在没有事务的环境下调用,就抛异常 REQUIRES_NEW 业务方法总是会为自己发起一个新的事务,如果方法已运行在一个事务中,则原有事务被挂起,新的事务被创建,直到方法结束,新事务才结束,原先的事务才会恢复执行. NOT_SUPPORTED 声明方法需要事务,如果方法没有关联到一个事务,容器不会为它开启事务.如果方法在一个事务中被调用,该事务会被挂起,在方法调用结束后,原先的事务便会恢复执行. NEVER 声明方法绝对不能在事务范围内执行,如果方法在某个事务范围内执行,容器就抛异常.只有没关联到事务,才正常执行. NESTED 如果一个活动的事务存在,则运行在一个嵌套的事务中.如果没有活动的事务,则按REQUIRED属性执行.它使用了一个单独的事务, 这个事务拥有多个可以回滚的保证点.内部事务回滚不会对外部事务造成影响, 它只对DataSourceTransactionManager 事务管理器起效.

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