.net 利用 GZipStream 压缩和解压缩
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.net 利用 GZipStream 压缩和解压缩
1.GZipStream 类
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此类在 .NET Framework 2.0 版中是新增的。
提供用于压缩和解压缩流的方法和属性
2.压缩byte[]
/// <summary> /// 压缩数据 /// </summary> /// <param name="data"></param> /// <returns></returns> public byte[] Compress(byte[] data) { MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(); GZipStream zipStream = new GZipStream(ms, CompressionMode.Compress); zipStream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);//将数据压缩并写到基础流中 zipStream.Close(); return ms.ToArray(); }
3.解压byte[]
/// 解压数据 /// </summary> /// <param name="data"></param> /// <returns></returns> public byte[] Decompress(byte[] data) { MemoryStream srcMs = new MemoryStream(data); GZipStream zipStream = new GZipStream(srcMs, CompressionMode.Decompress); MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(); byte[] bytes = new byte[40960]; int n; while ((n = zipStream.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length)) > 0) { ms.Write(bytes, 0, n); } zipStream.Close(); return ms.ToArray(); }
4.压缩byte[]数据,存放到文件中
/// <summary> /// 将指定的字节数组压缩,并写入到目标文件 /// </summary> /// <param name="srcBuffer">指定的源字节数组</param> /// <param name="destFile">指定的目标文件</param> public static void CompressData(byte[] srcBuffer, string destFile) { FileStream destStream = null; GZipStream compressedStream = null; try { //打开文件流 destStream = new FileStream(destFile, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Write); //指定压缩的目的流(这里是文件流) compressedStream = new GZipStream(destStream, CompressionMode.Compress, true); //往目的流中写数据,而流将数据写到指定的文件 compressedStream.Write(srcBuffer, 0, srcBuffer.Length); } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception(String.Format("压缩数据写入文件{0}时发生错误", destFile), ex); } finally { // Make sure we allways close all streams if (null != compressedStream) { compressedStream.Close(); compressedStream.Dispose(); } if (null != destStream) destStream.Close(); } }?
5.解压文件,得到byte[]数据
/// <summary> /// 将指定的文件解压,返回解压后的数据 /// </summary> /// <param name="srcFile">指定的源文件</param> /// <returns>解压后得到的数据</returns> public static byte[] DecompressData(string srcFile) { if (false == File.Exists(srcFile)) throw new FileNotFoundException(String.Format("找不到指定的文件{0}", srcFile)); FileStream sourceStream = null; GZipStream decompressedStream = null; byte[] quartetBuffer = null; try { sourceStream = new FileStream(srcFile, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read); decompressedStream = new GZipStream(sourceStream, CompressionMode.Decompress, true); // Read the footer to determine the length of the destiantion file //GZIP文件格式说明: //10字节的头,包含幻数、版本号以及时间戳 //可选的扩展头,如原文件名 //文件体,包括DEFLATE压缩的数据 //8字节的尾注,包括CRC-32校验和以及未压缩的原始数据长度(4字节) 文件大小不超过4G //为Data指定byte的长度,故意开大byte数据的范围 //读取未压缩的原始数据长度 quartetBuffer = new byte[4]; long position = sourceStream.Length - 4; sourceStream.Position = position; sourceStream.Read(quartetBuffer, 0, 4); int checkLength = BitConverter.ToInt32(quartetBuffer, 0); byte[] data; if (checkLength <= sourceStream.Length) { data = new byte[Int16.MaxValue]; } else { data = new byte[checkLength + 100]; } //每100byte从解压流中读出数据,并将读出的数据Copy到Data byte[]中,这样就完成了对数据的解压 byte[] buffer = new byte[100]; sourceStream.Position = 0; int offset = 0; int total = 0; while (true) { int bytesRead = decompressedStream.Read(buffer, 0, 100); if (bytesRead == 0) break; buffer.CopyTo(data, offset); offset += bytesRead; total += bytesRead; } //剔除多余的byte byte[] actualdata = new byte[total]; for (int i = 0; i < total; i++) actualdata[i] = data[i]; return actualdata; } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception(String.Format("从文件{0}解压数据时发生错误", srcFile), ex); } finally { if (sourceStream != null) sourceStream.Close(); if (decompressedStream != null) decompressedStream.Close(); } }?
6.小结
压缩,解压都用GZipStream,操作的对象时普通流MemoryStream,不同的是:
压缩是将btye[]型的数据写入GZipStream中,而解压的时候是将GzipStream中的数据写入到byte[]中,并将读出的数据写入到MemoryStream后一次性输出
? ? ? ? 压缩到文件与压缩成byte[]不同的是压缩到文件利用到了FileStream将流写到文件,解压Gzip文件,需要根据文件的规则进行:后4位记录未压缩前的长度,根据该长度可以将解压出来的文件存放到稍大的byte[]中