Quartz在Spring中如何动态配置时间在项目中有一个需求,需要灵活配置调度任务时间,并能自由启动或停止调度。
Quartz在Spring中如何动态配置时间
在项目中有一个需求,需要灵活配置调度任务时间,并能自由启动或停止调度。
有关调度的实现我就第一就想到了Quartz这个开源调度组件,因为很多项目使用过,Spring结合Quartz静态配置调度任务时间,非常easy。比如:每天凌晨几点定时运行一个程序,这只要在工程中的spring配置文件中配置好spring整合quartz的几个属性就好。
Spring配置文件
引用
<bean id="jobDetail"ref="simpleService"/>
<property name="targetMethod" value="test"/>
</bean>
<bean id="cronTrigger"ref="jobDetail"/>
<property name="cronExpression" value="0 0/50 * ? ** *" />
</bean>
<bean? id="schedulerTrigger"height="541" width="393" alt="Quartz在Spring中怎么动态配置时间" src="http://s16.sinaimg.cn/middle/4d6c7deata983115950af&690">
?
三、配置数据库连接池
配置jdbc.properties文件
引用
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/quartz?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=kfs
cpool.checkoutTimeout=5000
cpool.minPoolSize=10
cpool.maxPoolSize=25
cpool.maxIdleTime=7200
cpool.acquireIncrement=5
cpool.autoCommitOnClose=true
配置applicationContext.xml文件
引用
<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
???xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
???xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
???xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
???xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
????xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
???xsi:schemaLocation="
???http://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
???http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
???http://www.springframework.org/schema/txhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd
???http://www.springframework.org/schema/aophttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
????http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee
??????http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-2.5.xsd"?>
?
??<context:component-scanbase-package="com.sundoctor"/>
<!-- 属性文件读入 -->
<bean id="propertyConfigurer"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
<property name="initialPoolSize"value="${cpool.minPoolSize}"/>
<property name="minPoolSize"value="${cpool.minPoolSize}" />
<property name="maxPoolSize"value="${cpool.maxPoolSize}" />
<property name="acquireIncrement"value="${cpool.acquireIncrement}" />
???<property name="maxIdleTime"value="${cpool.maxIdleTime}"/>??
</bean>
</beans>
这里只是配置了数据连接池,我使用c3p0 连接池,还没有涉及到Quartx有关配置,下面且听我慢慢道来。
四、实现动态定时任务
?什么是动态定时任务:是由客户制定生成的,服务端只知道该去执行什么任务,但任务的定时是不确定的(是由客户制定)。
这样总不能修改配置文件每定制个定时任务就增加一个trigger吧,即便允许客户修改配置文件,但总需要重新启动web服务啊,研究了下Quartz在Spring中的动态定时,发现
引用
<bean id="cronTrigger"ref="simpleService"/>
<property name="targetMethod" value="testMethod"/>
</bean>
中使用org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean。在这里使用org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean。会报
引用
Caused by: java.io.NotSerializableException: Unable to serializeJobDataMap for insertion into database because the value ofproperty 'methodInvoker' is not serializable:org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean
atorg.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate.serializeJobData(StdJDBCDelegate.java:3358)
atorg.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate.insertJobDetail(StdJDBCDelegate.java:515)
atorg.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreSupport.storeJob(JobStoreSupport.java:1102)
... 11 more
异常,google了一下,没有找到解决方法。所以在这里不能使用org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean。,不能pojo了,需要使用org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailBean和org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean实现自己的QuartzJobBean,如下:
Java代码
package?com.sundoctor.example.service;????import?org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;??import?org.quartz.JobExecutionException;??import?org.quartz.Trigger;??import?org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean;????public?class?MyQuartzJobBean?extends?QuartzJobBean?{????????private?SimpleService?simpleService;????????????public?void?setSimpleService(SimpleService?simpleService)?{??????????this.simpleService?=?simpleService;??????}????????@Override??????protected?void?executeInternal(JobExecutionContext?jobexecutioncontext)?throws?JobExecutionException?{??????????Trigger?trigger?=?jobexecutioncontext.getTrigger();??????????String?triggerName?=?trigger.getName();???????????????simpleService.testMethod(triggerName);??????}????}??
MyQuartzJobBean继承org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean,注入的SimpleService如下:
Java代码
package?com.sundoctor.example.service;????import?java.io.Serializable;????import?org.slf4j.Logger;??import?org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;??import?org.springframework.stereotype.Service;????@Service("simpleService")??public?class?SimpleService?implements?Serializable{????????????private?static?final?long?serialVersionUID?=?122323233244334343L;??????private?static?final?Logger?logger?=?LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleService.class);????????????public?void?testMethod(String?triggerName){??????????//这里执行定时调度业务??????????logger.info(triggerName);??????}????????????public?void?testMethod2(){??????????logger.info("testMethod2");??????}??}??
SimpleService主要执行定时调度业务,在这里我只是简单打印一下log日志。SimpleService需要实现java.io.Serializable接口,否则会报
引用Caused by:java.io.InvalidClassException:com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService; class invalid fordeserialization
atjava.io.ObjectStreamClass.initNonProxy(ObjectStreamClass.java:587)
atjava.io.ObjectInputStream.readNonProxyDesc(ObjectInputStream.java:1583)
atjava.io.ObjectInputStream.readClassDesc(ObjectInputStream.java:1496)
atjava.io.ObjectInputStream.readOrdinaryObject(ObjectInputStream.java:1732)
... 64 more
异常。
配置applicationContext-quartz.xml文件:
引用
<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN""http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd">
<beans>
<bean name="quartzScheduler"/>
<property name="configLocation"value="classpath:quartz.properties"/>
</bean>
<bean id="jobDetail"/>
</entry>
</map>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
quartzScheduler中没有了
引用
<property name="triggers">
<list>
... ?? ?
</list>
/property>
配置,通过SchedulerService动态加入CronTrigger或SimpleTrigger。
在红色的
引用
<property name="jobDataAsMap">
<map>
<entry key="simpleService">
<ref bean="simpleService" />
</entry>
</map>
</property>
中需要注入调度业务类,否则会报空指指错误。
dataSource:项目中用到的数据源,里面包含了quartz用到的12张数据库表;
applicationContextSchedulerContextKey:是org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean这个类中把spring上下文以key/value的方式存放在了quartz的上下文中了,可以用applicationContextSchedulerContextKey所定义的key得到对应的spring上下文;
configLocation:用于指明quartz的配置文件的位置,如果不用spring配置quartz的话,本身quartz是通过一个配置文件进行配置的,默认名称是quartz.properties,里面配置的参数在quartz的doc文档中都有介绍,可以调整quartz,我在项目中也用这个文件部分的配置了一些属性,代码如下:
引用
org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName = DefaultQuartzScheduler
org.quartz.scheduler.rmi.export = false
org.quartz.scheduler.rmi.proxy = false
org.quartz.scheduler.wrapJobExecutionInUserTransaction =false
org.quartz.threadPool.class =org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool
org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount = 10
org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority = 5
org.quartz.threadPool.threadsInheritContextClassLoaderOfInitializingThread= true
org.quartz.jobStore.misfireThreshold = 60000
#org.quartz.jobStore.class = org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore
org.quartz.jobStore.class =org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX
#org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass=org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.HSQLDBDelegate
org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass=org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate
#org.quartz.jobStore.useProperties = true
org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix = QRTZ_?
org.quartz.jobStore.isClustered = false?
org.quartz.jobStore.maxMisfiresToHandleAtATime=1
这里面没有数据源相关的配置部分,采用spring注入datasource的方式已经进行了配置。
六、测试
运行如下测试类
Java代码
package?com.sundoctor.example.test;????import?java.text.ParseException;??import?java.text.SimpleDateFormat;??import?java.util.Date;????import?org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;??import?org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;????import?com.sundoctor.quartz.service.SchedulerService;????public?class?MainTest?{??????????????public?static?void?main(String[]?args)?{??????????ApplicationContext?springContext?=?new?ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new?String[]{"classpath:applicationContext.xml","classpath:applicationContext-quartz.xml"});??????????SchedulerService?schedulerService?=?(SchedulerService)springContext.getBean("schedulerService");????????????????????//执行业务逻辑...????????????????????//设置调度任务??????????//每10秒中执行调试一次??????????schedulerService.schedule("0/10?*?*???*?*?*");?????????????????????Date?startTime?=?parse("2009-06-01?22:16:00");??????????Date?endTime?=??parse("2009-06-01?22:20:00");????????????????????//2009-06-01?21:50:00开始执行调度??????????schedulerService.schedule(startTime);????????????//2009-06-01?21:50:00开始执行调度,2009-06-01?21:55:00结束执行调试??????????//schedulerService.schedule(startTime,endTime);????????????????????//2009-06-01?21:50:00开始执行调度,执行5次结束??????????//schedulerService.schedule(startTime,null,5);????????????//2009-06-01?21:50:00开始执行调度,每隔20秒执行一次,执行5次结束??????????//schedulerService.schedule(startTime,null,5,20);????????????????????//等等,查看com.sundoctor.quartz.service.SchedulerService??????????????}????????????private?static?Date?parse(String?dateStr){??????????SimpleDateFormat?format?=?new?SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd?HH:mm:ss");??????????try?{??????????????return?format.parse(dateStr);??????????}?catch?(ParseException?e)?{??????????????throw?new?RuntimeException(e);??????????}??????}????}??
输出
引用
[2009-06-02 00:08:50]INFO?com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService(line:17)-2059c26f-9462-49fe-b4ce-be7e7a29459f
[2009-06-02 00:10:20]INFO?com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService(line:17)-2059c26f-9462-49fe-b4ce-be7e7a29459f
[2009-06-02 00:10:30]INFO?com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService(line:17)-2059c26f-9462-49fe-b4ce-be7e7a29459f
[2009-06-02 00:10:40]INFO?com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService(line:17)-2059c26f-9462-49fe-b4ce-be7e7a29459f
[2009-06-02 00:10:50]INFO?com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService(line:17)-2059c26f-9462-49fe-b4ce-be7e7a29459f
[2009-06-02 00:11:00]INFO?com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService(line:17)-2059c26f-9462-49fe-b4ce-be7e7a29459f
[2009-06-02 00:11:10]INFO?com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService(line:17)-2059c26f-9462-49fe-b4ce-be7e7a29459f
这样只是简单的将quartz trigger名称打印出来。
这样通过SchedulerService就可以动态配置调度时间。其实SchedulerService还可扩展,比如可以注入多个JobDetail,调度不同的JobDetail。
首先实现多个JobDeatail并注册,比如:?
引用
<bean id="jobDetail1"key-type="java.lang.String"value-type="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailBean">?
<entry key="jobDetail1"ref="jobDetail1"/>?
<entry key="jobDetail2"ref="jobDetail2"/>?
<entry key="jobDetail3"ref="jobDetail3"/>?
</util:map>
然后在SchedulerService注入jobDeatailMap?
Java代码?
- @Service("schedulerService")????
- public?class?SchedulerServiceImpl?implements?SchedulerService?{????
- ?????
- ?????private?Scheduler?scheduler;????
- ?????private?Map<String,JobDetailBean>?jobDeatailMap;????
- ?????
- ?????@Autowired????
- ?????public?void?setJobDeatailMap(@Qualifier("jobDeatailMap")?Map<String,JobDetailBean>?jobDeatailMap)?{????
- ?????????this.jobDeatailMap?=?jobDeatailMap;????
- ?????}????
- ?????@Autowired????
- ?????public?void?setScheduler(@Qualifier("quartzScheduler")?Scheduler?scheduler)?{????
- ?????????this.scheduler?=?scheduler;????
- ?????}???
- ...??
最后,修改SchedulerServiceImpl中的schedule方法,增加以jobDeatailMapKEY名字为参数:?
Java代码?
- ?????@Override????
- ?????public?void?schedule(String?jobDetailName,String?name,?CronExpression?cronExpression)?{????
- ?????????if?(name?==?null?||?name.trim().equals(""))?{????
- ?????????????name?=?UUID.randomUUID().toString();????
- ?????????}????
- ?????
- ?????????//这个时候JobDetail根据jobDetailName从jobDeatailMap获取??
- ?????????JobDetail?jobDetail?=?jobDeatailMap.get(jobDetailName);??
- ?????????try?{????
- ?????????????scheduler.addJob(jobDetail,?true);????
- ?????
- ?????????????CronTrigger?cronTrigger?=?new?CronTrigger(name,?Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP,?jobDetail.getName(),????
- ?????????????????????Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP);????
- ?????????????cronTrigger.setCronexpression_r(cronExpression);????
- ?????????????scheduler.scheduleJob(cronTrigger);????
- ?????????????scheduler.rescheduleJob(name,?Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP,?cronTrigger);????
- ?????????}?catch?(SchedulerException?e)?{????
- ?????????????throw?new?RuntimeException(e);????
- ?????????}????
- ?????}??
- 其它多态方法一样修改,增加jobDetailName参数。??????
调用时,传不同的jobDetailName参数就可以调用不用的JobDetail。?
Java代码?
- SchedulerService?schedulerService?=?(SchedulerService)springContext.getBean("schedulerService");???
- ??
- schedulerService.schedule("jobDetail1","审计任务","0/10?*?*???*?*?*");?????
- ??
- schedulerService.schedule("jobDetail2","发放任务","0/10?*?*???*?*?*");???
- ??
- schedulerService.schedule("jobDetail3","AAA任务","0/10?*?*???*?*?*");???
?
其实很多时候只需要一个JobDetail就可以了,也可以达到多个JobDetail一样的效果,一个JobDetail的时候可以在Trigger名称上做扩展,可以在调度任务时给Trigger名称加上不同的前缀或后缀,比如Trigger名称增加一个前缀参数,?
Java代码?
- @Override????
- public?void?schedule(String?name,?String?prefix?,CronExpression?cronExpression)?{????
- ????if?(name?==?null?||?name.trim().equals(""))?{????
- ????????name?=?UUID.randomUUID().toString();????
- ????}????
- ??
- ????try?{????
- ????????scheduler.addJob(jobDetail,?true);????
- ??????????
- ????????//给Trigger名秒加上前缀??
- ????????name?=?prefix?+?name;??
- ??
- ????????CronTrigger?cronTrigger?=?new?CronTrigger(name,?Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP,?jobDetail.getName(),????
- ????????????????Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP);????
- ????????cronTrigger.setCronexpression_r(cronExpression);????
- ????????scheduler.scheduleJob(cronTrigger);????
- ????????scheduler.rescheduleJob(name,?Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP,?cronTrigger);????
- ????}?catch?(SchedulerException?e)?{????
- ????????throw?new?RuntimeException(e);????
- ????}????
- }????
然后在QuartzJobBean中的executeInternal方法取到Trigger名秒,然后根据其前缀或后缀调用不同的业务逻辑?
Java代码?
- public?class?MyQuartzJobBean?extends?QuartzJobBean?{????
- ????
- ????private?SimpleService?simpleService;????
- ????????
- ????public?void?setSimpleService(SimpleService?simpleService)?{????
- ????????this.simpleService?=?simpleService;????
- ????}????
- ????
- ????@Override????
- ????protected?void?executeInternal(JobExecutionContext?jobexecutioncontext)?throws?JobExecutionException?{????
- ????????Trigger?trigger?=?jobexecutioncontext.getTrigger();???
- ????????//取得Trigger名称,判断名称前缀或后缀调用不同的业务逻辑??
- ????????String?triggerName?=?trigger.getName();????
- ????????if(tirggerName?...){??
- ????????????simpleService.testMethod(triggerName);????
- ????????}else?if(tirggerName?...){??
- ????????????simpleService.testMethod2(triggerName);???
- ????????}else{??
- ????????????...??
- ????????}??
- ????}????
- ????
- } ?
在simpleService里面注入一个继承HibernateDaoSupport的类,这个继承HibernateDaoSupport的类也必须实现序列化接口,simpleService类被序列化保存到数据库表qrtz_job_details的job_class_name字段中,quartz在运行时会读取qrtz_job_details表中的job_class_name将其反序列化。这也是为什么simpleService和其中注入各属性需要实现Serializable序列化接口的原因,所以你每次修改simpleService类或者其中的继承HibernateDaoSupport的类都要删除qrtz_job_details表对应的job记录,否则可能会出现空指针异常,因为你如果你没有删除qrtz_job_details表中的记录,你修改的东东并不会自动更新到qrtz_job_details中,你用的还是原来旧版本的simpleService类。?
在simpleService里面注入一个继承HibernateDaoSupport的类,这个继承HibernateDaoSupport的类也必须实现序列化接口,simpleService类被序列化保存到数据库表qrtz_job_details的job_class_name字段中,quartz在运行时会读取qrtz_job_details表中的job_class_name将其反序列化。这也是为什么simpleService和其中注入各属性需要实现Serializable序列化接口的原因,所以你每次修改simpleService类或者其中的继承HibernateDaoSupport的类都要删除qrtz_job_details表对应的job记录,否则可能会出现空指针异常,因为你如果你没有删除qrtz_job_details表中的记录,你修改的东东并不会自动更新到qrtz_job_details中,你用的还是原来旧版本的simpleService类。?
你的这个问题在我另一篇文章《Quartz任务监控管理》有人提到过,你也可以到http://www.iteye.com/topic/441951?page=1看看。?
要做的并不是简单的从数据库读取cronExpression,而是能够通过前端(比如Web页面)的修改并且不需要重启服务的情况下就可以动态修改配置任务调度时间,并且对于quartx的数据持久化是透明的,只需在数据库增加12张表,修改一下quartx.properties文件的配置,其它并不需要你做些什么额外的斯工作。?
JdbcPlaceholderConfigurer继承自PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer?
,将原来配置在一个properties文件中的内容转移到数据库而己。JdbcPlaceholderConfigurer只是应用启动时简单的将cronExpression从数据库读取出来,每次修改完数据库后就都需要重启服务,新的修改才会生效。其实JdbcPlaceholderConfigurer还是一种静态配置,只是将原来写在?
引用<bean id="cronTrigger"ref="jobDetail"/>?
<propertyname="cronExpression" value="0 0/50 * ? * * *"/>?
</bean>
中的cronExpression写到另外一个地方:数据库。?
simpleService和其中注入各属性需要实现Serializable序列化接口,你的BakcupDao继承自HibernateDaoSupport虽然也实现了序列化接口,但是HibernateDaoSupport里的HibernateTemplate并没有实现序列化接口,所以你取得的HibernateTemplate永远为null。因此获取HibernateTemplate必须换一种方式,你的BakcupDao不能继承自HibernateDaoSupport。HibernateTemplate没有实现序列化接口,而SessionFactory是实现序列化接口的,在bakcupDao注入SessionFactory,通过SessionFactory获取HibernateTemplate。?
你的bakcupDao可以这样写?
Java代码?
- import?java.io.Serializable;??
- ??
- import?org.hibernate.SessionFactory;??
- import?org.slf4j.Logger;??
- import?org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;??
- import?org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;??
- import?org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;??
- ??
- import?com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService;??
- ??
- @Repository("bakcupDao")??
- public?class?BakcupDao?implements?Serializable?{??
- ??
- ??????
- ????private?static?final?long?serialVersionUID?=?1L;??????
- ????private?SessionFactory?sessionFactory;????
- ??
- ????@Autowired??
- ????public?void?setSessionFactory(SessionFactory?sessionFactory)?{??
- ????????this.sessionFactory?=?sessionFactory;?????????
- ????}??
- ??
- ??
- ????public?boolean?backupDateabase(String?dbname,?String?bfname)?{??
- ????????final?String?dbName?=?dbname;??
- ????????final?String?bfname1?=?bfname;??
- ????????????HibernateTemplate??hibernateTemplate?=?new?HibernateTemplate(sessionFactory);??
- ????????return?(Boolean)hibernateTemplate.execute(new?HibernateCallback()?{??
- ????????????public?Object?doInHibernate(Session?session)?{??
- ????????????????boolean?flag?=?true;??
- ????????????????PreparedStatement?pstmt?=?null;??
- ??
- ????????????????try?{??
- ????????????????????pstmt?=?session.connection().prepareStatement("{call?p_Backup_Or_Restore(?,?,?)}");??
- ????????????????????pstmt.setString(1,?bfname1);??
- ????????????????????pstmt.setString(2,?dbName);??
- ????????????????????pstmt.setInt(3,?1);??
- ????????????????????pstmt.execute();??
- ????????????????????System.out.println("数据库已备份");??
- ????????????????}?catch?(Exception?e)?{??
- ????????????????????flag?=?false;??
- ????????????????????e.printStackTrace();??
- ????????????????}??
- ????????????????return?flag;??
- ????????????}??
- ????????});??
- ????}??
- } ??
?