3月最全GMAT语法机经整理(1)
to do/for doing的区别，两道题，选项中一会儿for doing,一会儿 to do，当然题目还有其他语法点。
In doing sth. 和 for doing sth. 都有“在做…这方面”的含义;
而to do sth.通常情况下表示目的，可以翻译为：“为了做…”
183.
Despite recent increases in sales and cash flow that have propelled automobile companies' common stocks to new highs, several industry analysts expect automakers, in order to conserve cash, to set dividends more conservatively than they were
A. to set dividends more conservatively than they were
B. to set dividends more conservatively than they have been
C. to be more conservative than they have been in setting dividends
D. that they will be more conservative than they were in setting dividends
E. that they will be more conservative than they have been to set dividends
题目释义：Despite …, analysts expect automakers to be more … than they have been in …
选项分析：
A. 实义动词to set(表达预测，将来时)与系动词were不平行，应该是: to set Div. more conservatively than they have done.
B. to set与have been不平行，要在been后面加上setting或改为have set以修正平行。
C. Correct;be + adj + in doing something很顺口, e.g. She is very active in posting questions on CD.;时态也很好：to be表示从现在开始的未来，have been 从过去到现在，时间轴上没有空缺
D. Expect sb. that搭配错误，只能用expect that或expect sb. to do;were的时态问题
E. 不能用Expect sb. that，同D; to set错误，应该改为in setting
考到不少被动语态。
被动语态(The Passive Voice)是动词的一种形式，表示主语是谓语动词的承受者。被动语态便于论述客观事实，故常用于科技文章、新闻报道、书刊介绍以及景物描写。被动语态没有将来进行时、过去将来进行时和完成进行时形式。
(1) 一般现在时的被动语态
I am not so easily deceived. 我不会轻易上当受骗的。
Computers are widely used in the world.
计算机在世界范围内得到广泛应用。
(2) 一般过去时的被动语态
The car was seriously damaged. 汽车受到严重损坏。
Printing was introduced into Europe from China.
印刷术是由中国传入欧洲的。
(3) 现在进行时的被动语态
The question is being discussed at the meeting.
这个问题现在正在会上讨论。
The children are being taken care of by their aunt.
孩子们现在正由其姑妈照看。
(4) 过去进行时的被动语态
When I called, tea was being served.
当我来访时，正值上茶之际。
When they arrived， the experiments were being made.
他们到达时，实验正在进行。
(5) 现在完成时的被动语态
The meeting has been put off. 会议已被推迟了。
The party has been planned since the new year.
这次聚会自新年起就已筹划了。
(6) 过去完成时的被动语态
By the end of last month, he had been robbed at least three times.
到上月底，他已被抢了至少三次。
(7) 将来完成时的被动语态
It is said that the building will have been completed before September.
据说大楼将于九月前竣工。
This class will have been taught by Mr Brown for two years by next summer.
到明年夏天，布朗先生在这两个班执教已有两年了。
含有情态动词的被动语态
Water mustn't be wasted. 绝不能浪费水。
Electric energy can be changed into light enery.
电能可以转变成光能。
Cross the road very carefully. Look both ways, or you might be knocked down.
过马路时要特别小心，要往两边看，不然会被撞倒。
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