三. Lexical resource
1. 具体要求
Lexical resource表示词汇。在官方给出的评分标准中，7分有这样的要求：
1. Uses sufficient range of vocabulary to allow some flexibility and precision
2. Uses less common lexical items with some awareness of style and collocation
3. May produce occasional errors in word choice, spelling and/or word formation
①灵活并且准确使用各种词汇。②正确搭配和使用不太普通的短语。
2. 范例评析
▲ 剑桥雅思全真试题7 Test2 Task2
Some people believe that there should be fixed punishments for each type of crime. Others, however, argue that the circumstances of an individual crime, and the motivation for committing it, should be taken into account when deciding the punishment.
Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
7.5分考生范文选段：固定不变的定罪制度和分情况灵活的定罪制度
On the one hand, fixed punishment will have a deterring effect on society. Individuals knowing that they will be subject to a certain punishment if they are convicted with a given crime will reconsider committing this act in the first place. This deterring effect also leads to social stability and security, through minimizing the number of crimes committed. If people knew they would be able to convince the court or the jury of reason for having committed the crime they are accused of, penal decisions would be largely arbitrary. This would result into criminals getting away with their crimes and into a high level of injustice caused by the subjective approach of different courts.
On the other hand, taking the circumstance of a crime and its motivation into consideration is a prerequisite for establishing and ensuring justice and equity. A person killing in self-defense cannot be compared to a serial killer, moving from one victim to the next.
1. 词汇的多样使用：
①认为consider 重新考虑reconsider 思考consideration
②惩罚(动词)Punish 惩罚(名词)punishment 惩罚的penal
③犯罪Crime 罪犯criminal
2. 短语的多样使用：
①服从be subject to
②判罪be convicted with
③犯罪commit crimes
④判决某人有某罪convince sb of sth
⑤方法the approach of
⑥考虑到take sth into consideration
⑦被指控be accused of
⑧前提a prerequisite for
⑨与某事相提并论be compared to
⑩理由reason for
3. 对策
①题干核心词与短语
“题干核心词与短语”是指在每个话题的题目中，会有一些出现频率比较高的名词或短语。雅思议论文题目虽多，但是可以按话题分为八大类：教育，科技，环境与动物，媒体与广告，政府，工作与生活，语言与文化，法律与犯罪。复习以雅思写作机经为主，关注近两年的写作题目。
②素材核心词与短语
“素材核心词与短语”主要是指某一类话题作文常会论证的角度，一般是由一些“实意词”为主。雅思专家建议考生按照话题大量研读范文的主题句或是支持句，去积累和总结。
