下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
1 The kitchen is in the rear of the house.
A before B front C middle D back
2 She overcame her initial shyness and really enjoyed the evening.
A coming B beginning C happening D existing
3 The great castles of the kings were without bathing facilities.
A pools B means C showers D towel
4 The town is famous for its magnificent church towers.
A distinguished B contemporaryC specialized D specified
5 After the whole day’s march, they are too fatigue to walk any more.
A hungry B sleepy C thirsty D tired
6 One of my favorite saying is：“There is no smoke without fire. ”
A most loved B alike C favorable D likely
7 The prices of vegetables fluctuate according to weather.
A fall B raise C change D rise
8 Comets are still regarded with fright by some people.
A dread B concern C detachment D resentment
9 Your father is furious about the damage you have done to the flower beds.
A angry B anxious C uncertain D worried
10 The dog saw his reflection in the pool of water.
A image B imagination C bone D shadow
11 The quality and number of a city’s public roads offer an excellent gauging of its prosperity.
A enriching B creating C protecting D judging
12 His handwriting is flowing and graceful.
A pleasing B formal C informal D flowery
13 What were the consequences of the decision she had made?
A reasons B results C causes D bases
14 The great changes of the city astonished every visitor to that city.
A attacked B surprised C attracted D interested
15 How do you account for your absence from the class last Thursday?
A explain B examine C choose D expand
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断，如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息在文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。
Earthquakes and Animals
Scientists who try to predict earthquakes have gotten some new helpers recently—animals. Animals often seem to know in advance that an earthquake is coming, and they show their fear by acting in strange ways. Before a quake(地震) in China in 1975 snakes awoke from their winter sleep early only to freeze to death in the cold air. All the unusual behavior, as well as physical changes in earth, alerted(提醒) Chinese scientists to the coming quake. They moved people away from the danger zone and saved thousands of lives.
One task for scientists today is to learn exactly which types of animal behavior predict quakes. It is not an easy job. First of all not every animal reacts to the danger of an earthquake. Just before a California quake in 1979, for example, an Arabian horse became very nervous and tried to break out of his stall. The horse next to him, however, remained perfectly calm. It is also difficult sometimes to tell the difference between normal animal calmness and “earthquake nerves. ” A zookeeper once told earthquake researchers that his cougar(美洲狮) had been acting strangely. It turned out that the cougar had a stomachache.
A second task for scientists is to find out exactly what kinds of warning the animals receive. They know that animals sense far more of the world than humans do. Many animals can see, hear, and smell things that people do not even notice. Some can detect tiny changes in air pressure, gravity, or the magnetism(磁力) of earth. This extra sense probably helps animals predict earthquakes.
A good example of this occurred with a group of dogs. They were closed in an area that was being shaken by a series of tiny earthquakes. Before each quake a low booming sound was heard. Each sound caused the dogs to bark(吠) wildly. The dogs began to bark during a silent period!A scientist who was recording the quakes looked at his machine. He realized that the dogs had reacted to a booming noise. They also sensed the tiny quake that followed it. The machine recorded both, though humans felt and heard nothing.
In this case there was a machine to check what the dogs were sensing. Many times, however, our machines record nothing out of the ordinary, even though animals know a quake is coming. The animals might be sensing something we do measure but do not recognize as a warning. Discovering what animals sense, and learning how they know danger signals, is a job for future scientists.
16 During an earthquake in China in 1975, some cows had “earthquake nerves” and some remained calm.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
17 Chinese scientists moved people away from the coming quake zone after noticing the strange behavior of some animals and physical changes in earth.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
18 Animals of the same kind always react in the same way to the danger of a quake.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
19 The cougar behaved strangely because it had sensed the threat of a quake.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
20 All animals can sense the very small changes in air pressure, gravity, or the magnetism of earth.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
21 The dogs mentioned in the passage sensed both the low booming sounds and the minor quakes following them.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
22 A task for future scientists is to find out how an animal receives a warning signal.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1) 第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2) 第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
The Rights of Animals
1 Do animals have rights?This is how the question is usually put. It sounds like a useful, ground-clearing way to start. Actually, it isn’t, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have.
2 On one view of rights, to be sure, it necessarily follows that animals have none. Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements. Therefore animals cannot have rights. The idea of punishing a tiger that kills somebody is absurd;for exactly the same reason, so is the idea that tigers have rights. However, this is only on account, and by no means an uncontested one. It denies rights not only to animals but also to some people—for instance, to infants, the mentally incapable and future generations. In addition, it is unclear what force a contract can have for people who never consented it：how do you reply to somebody who says “I don’t like this contract”?
3 The point is this：without agreement on the rights of people arguing about the rights of animals is fruitless. It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset：it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all. This is a false choice. Better to start with another, more fundamental, question：is the way we treat animals a moral issue at all?
4 Many deny it. Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice. Any regard for the suffering of animals is seen as a mistake—a sentimental displacement of feeling that should properly be directed to other humans.
5 This view which holds that torturing a monkey is morally equivalent to chopping wood, may seem bravely “logical”. In fact it is simply shallow：the confused centre is right to reject it. The most elementary form of moral reasoning—the ethical equivalent of learning to crawl—is to weigh others’ interests against one’s own. This in turn requires sympathy and imagination:without which there is no capacity for moral thought. To see an animal in pain is enough, for most, to engage sympathy. When that happens, it is not a mistake:it is mankind’s instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.
23 Paragraph 1
24 Paragraph 2
25 Paragraph 3
26 Paragraph 4
A Arguing about the Rights of Animal Is Foolish
B Sympathy to the Animals Should Be Encourage
C The Human’s View Is Fruitful
D Rights Exist only Within a Social Contract
E If Animals Have Rights?
F The Most Elementary Form of Moral Reasoning
27 The most elementary form of moral reasoning .
28 Mankind’s instinct for moral reasoning in action .
29 It is unclear what force a contract .
30 It leads the discussion .
A should be encouraged rather than laughed at
B a sentimental displacement of feeling
C can have for people who never consented it
D is to weigh other’s interest against one’s own
E it invites you to think that animals should be treated with no consideration
F human are different from animals in every respect
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇 Weather Map
A weather map is an important tool for geographers. A succession of three of four maps presents a continuous picture of weather changes. Weather forecasts are able to determine the speed of air masses and fronts; to determine whether an individual pressure area is deepening or becoming shallow and whether a front is increasing or decreasing in intensity. They are also able to determine whether an air mass is retaining its original characteristics or taking on those of the surface over which it is moving. Thus, a most significant function of the map is to reveal a synoptic picture of conditions in the atmosphere at a given time.
All students of geography should be able to interpret a weather map accurately. Weather maps contain an enormous amount of information about weather conditions existing at the time of observation over a large geographical area. They reveal in a few minutes what otherwise would take hours to describe. The United States weather Bureau issues information about approaching storms, floods, frosts, droughts, and all climatic conditions in general. Twice a month it issues a 30-day “outlook” which is a rough guide to weather conditions likely to occur over broad areas of the United States. These 30-day outlooks are based upon an analysis of the upper air levels with often set the stage for the development of air masses, fronts, and storms.
Considerable effort is being exerted today to achieve more accurate weather predictions. With the use of electronic instruments and earth satellites, enormous gains have taken place recently in identifying and tracking storms over regions which have but few meteorological stations. Extensive experiments are also in progress for weather modification studies. But the limitations of weather modification have prevented meteorological results except in the seeding of super-cooled, upslope mountainous winds which have produced additional orographical precipitation on the windward side of mountain ranges. Nevertheless, they have provided a clearer understanding of the fundamentals of weather elements.
31 One characteristic of weather maps not mentioned by the author in this passage is .
A wind speed
B thermal changes
C fronts
D barometric pressure
32 The thirty-day forecast is determined by examining .
A upper air levels
B satellite reports
C changing fronts
D daily air maps
33 The observation of weather conditions by satellites is advantageous because it .
A gives the scientist information not obtained readily otherwise
B enables man to alter the weather
C uses electronic instruments
D is modern
34 A weather map is synoptic because it .
A summarizes a great deal of information
B can be interpreted accurately
C appears daily
D shows changing fronts
35 At the present time, experiments are being conducted in .
A 30-day “outlook”
B controlling storms
C satellites
D manipulating weather
第二篇 Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel Prize Announcements
Two scientists who have won praise for research into the growth of cancer cells could be candidates for the Nobel Prize in medicine when the 2008 winners are presented on Monday, kicking off six days of Nobel announcements.
Australian-born U. S. citizen Elizabeth Blackburn and American Carol Greider have already won a series of medical honors for their enzyme research and experts say they could be among the front-runners for a Nobel.
Only seven women have won the medicine prize since the first Nobel Prizes were handed out in 1901. The last female winner was U. S. researcher Linda Buck in 2004, who shared the prize with Richard Axel.
Among the pair's possible rivals are Frenchman Pierre Chambon and Americans Ronald Evans and Elwood Jensen, who opened up the field of studying proteins called nuclear hormone receptors.
As usual, the award committee is giving no hints about who is in the running before presenting its decision in a news conference at Stockholm's Karolinska Institute.
Alfred Nobel, the Swede who invented dynamite, established the prizes in his will in the categories of medicine, physics, chemistry,, literature and peace. The economics prize is technically not a Nobel but a 1968 creation of Sweden's central bank.
Nobel left few instructions on how to select winners, but medicine winners are typically awarded for a specific breakthrough rather than a body of research.
Hans Jornvall, secretary of the medicine prize committee, said the 10 million kronor ( US $1.3 million) prize encourages groundbreaking research but he did not think winning it was the primary goal for scientists.
"Individual researchers probably don't look at themselves as potential Nobel Prize winners when they're at work," Jornvall told The Associated Press. "They get their kicks from their research and their interest in how life functions."
In 2006, Blackburn, of the University of California, San Francisco, and Greider, of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, shared the Lasker prize for basic medical research with Jack Szostak of Harvard Medical School. Their work set the stage for research suggesting that cancer cells use telomerase to sustain their uncontrolled growth.
36. Who is NOT a likely candidate for this year's Nobel Prize in medicine?
A Elizabeth Blackburn.
B Carol Greider.
C Linda Buck.
D Pierre Chambon.
37. Which is NOT true of Alfred Nobel?
A He was from Sweden.
B He was the inventor of dynamite.
C He established the prizes in his will.
D He gave clear instructions on how to select winners.
38. Which was NOT originally one of the Nobel Prizes?
A The medicine prize.
B The literature prize.
C The peace prize.
D The economics prize.
39. The word "kicks" in line 6 from the bottom probably means
A excitement.
B income.
C motivation.
D knowledge.
40. The research by Blackburn and Greider helps suggest the role of
A money in medical research.
B proteins in cancer treatment.
C hormones in the functioning of life.
D telomerase in the growth of cancer cells.
第三篇 After-birth Depression Blamed for Woman’s Suicide
A new mother apparently suffering from postpartum mental illness fell to her death from a narrow 12th-floor ledge of a Chicago hotel, eluding the lunging grasp of firemen called to help.
The Chicago Tribune reported Tuesday that the mother of a 3-month-old daughter, Melanie Stokes, 41, was said to be suffering from a severe form of after-birth depression called postpartum psychosis, an extremely rare biological response to rapidly changing hormonal levels that can result in hallucinations, delusions, severe insomnia and a drastic departure from reality.
“That was a monster in my daughter’s brain,” said Stokes’ mother, Carol Blocker. “The medicine took no effect at all, while her grief was so strong that nothing could make up for it. I’m just glad she didn’t take her daughter with her.”
Virtually all new mothers get postpartum blues, also called the “baby blues”, which are brief episodes of irritability, moodiness and weepiness. About 20 per cent of birthing women experience postpartum depression, which can be triggered by hormonal changes, sleeplessness and the pressures of being a new mother. It is often temporary and highly treatable.
But The Tribune said what scientists suspect Stokes was battling, postpartum psychosis, is even more extreme and is considered a psychiatric emergency. During postpartum psychosis—a very real disorder that affects less than 1 percent of women, according to the National Institute of Mental Health—a mother might hear voices, have visions, feel extremely agitated and be at risk of harming the child or herself.
Often the consequences are tragic. In 1987, Sheryl Masip of California told a judge that postpartum psychosis made her drive a Volvo over her 6-week-old son. Latrena Pixley of Washington, D. C., said the disorder was why she smothered her 6-week-old daughter in 1992. And last year, Judy Kirby, a 31-year-old Indianapolis mother allegedly suffering from postpartum psychosis, sped into oncoming traffic and plowed into a minivan, killing seven youngsters, including three of the own.
41. Which of the following is NOT a symptom of postpartum psychosis?
A. Visions. B. Delusions.
C. Inflamed breast. D. Serious sleeplessness.
42. It was considered fortunate by Stokes’ mother in the miserable event
A. that Stokes had died in a Chicago hotel.
B. that firemen had been called to help Stokes.
C. that Stokes had been taking the prescribed medicines.
D. that Stokes had not taken her daughter with her.
43. A patient suffering from “baby blues” may present briefly one or more of the following symptoms EXCEPT
A. having an intention of suicide.
B. readily becoming impatient or angry.
C. easily changing her moods.
D. tending to experience weeping and sadness.
44. How many bearing women have experiences of after-birth depression?
A. Virtually all of them. B. About one fifth of them.
C. Less than one percent of them. D. Not mentioned exactly in the passage.
45. Who induced the most serious consequence among the postpartum depression patients mentioned in the passage?
A. Melanie Stokes of Chicago. B. Sheryl Masip of California.
C. Latrena Pixley of Washington, D.C.. D. Judy Kirby of Indianapolis.
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
A Major Composer
Ludwig von Beethoven, a major composer of the nineteenth century, overcame many personal problems to achieve artistic greatness.
Born in Bonn, Germany, in 1770, he first studied music with the court organist, Gilles van der Eeden. His father was excessively strict and given to heavy drinking. 46 . Appointed deputy court organist to Christian Gottlob Neefe at a surprisingly early age in 1782, Beethoven also played the harpsichord and the viola. In 1792 he was sent to Vienna by his patron, Count Ferdinand Waldstein, to study music under Haydn.
Beethoven remained unmarried. 47 . Continually plagued by ill health, he developed an ear infection which led to his tragic deafness in 1819.
48 . He completed mature masterpieces of great musical depth:three piano sonatas, four string quartets, the Missa Solemnis, and the 9th Symphony. He died in 1827. 49 .
Nothing that Beethoven often flew into fits of rage, Goethe once said of him, “I am astonished by his talent, but he is unfortunately an altogether untamed personality. ” 50 .
A In spite of this handicap, however, he continued to write music.
B Because of irregular payments from his publishers and erratic support from his patrons, he was troubled by financial worries throughout his adult life.
C His life was marked by a passionate dedication to independence.
D When his mother died, Beethoven, then a young man, was named guardian of his two younger brothers.
E Although Beethoven’s personality may have been untamed, his music shows great discipline and control, and this is how we remember him best.
F Today his music is still being played all over the world.
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Many Women Who Beat Cancer Don't Change Habits
Many women who battle breast cancer will tell you it's a life-changing experience. However, a new study shows that for many __ 51 ___, the changes aren't always positive or permanent.
Beth Snoke has watched her mother and both grandmothers battle and survive breast _52 So when she was diagnosed, there was no doubt in her mind __53 __ she had to do.
"I do exactly what the doctors say as far as the medicine that I'm on, as 54 as the vitamins, the diet, and the fitness. And I can't stress enough __ 55 __ important that is," says Beth Snoke. But a surprising new study shows that _56 every woman who beats breast cancer is getting that message. In fact, nearly 40% bf them say even _57__ surviving breast cancer, they haven't made significant changes in the __ 58___ they eat or how much they exercise.
"Not all survivors are taking advantage of this teachable moment and making positive health changes in __ 59__ life," says Electra Paskett, PhD, at Ohio State University's Comprehensive Cancer Center. Paskett says diet and exercise have been proven to not only help women feel better during and after treatment, they may __ 60 __ play a role in preventing some cancers from coming back. ___ 61 __ growing evidence, some women just aren't listening.
"Colon cancer survivors __ 62 __ exercise have actually been shown to have improved survival rates. So, yes, it is true that perhaps by making some of these healthy choices we can actually increase their health," says Paskett.
As a breast cancer survivor ___ 63 __ , Paskett knows first hand how much difference diet and exercise can __ 64 .__ The challenge, she says, is to get more survivors to be more like Beth, during and after treatment.
Experts say exercising more and eating a healthier diet can also cut __65 __ on stress and help women overcome depression. There are more than 2 million breast cancer survivors living in the U.S. Of those, nearly a million have yet to change their diet or exercise routines.
51. A women B people C persons D men
52. A death B ache C cancer D feeding
53. A which B that C what D those
54. A far B soon C fast D early
55. A what B so C very D how
56. A not B no C neither D nor
57. A before B after C without D since
58. A place B kind C way D much
59. A their B his C her D our
60. A too B do C further D also
61. A Despite B Although C Accepting D Regardless
62. A who B whose C which D what
63. A myself B itself C herself D yourself
64. A take B make C offer D decide
65. A up B off C in D down
全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试卫生类(B级)模拟试题(二)参考答案
1. C2. D3. B4. B5. D 6. C7. D8. D9. C10. B 11. D12. C13. A14. C15. D
16. A17. C18. A19. B20. A 21. C22. A23. A24. D25. C 26. B27. E28. A29. C30. D
31. B32. A33. D34. A35. D 36 C 37 D 38 D 39 A 40 D 41 C 42 D 43 A 44 B 45 D
46. D47. B48. A49. C50. E 51 A 52 C 53 C 54 A 55 D 56 A 57 B 58 C 59 A 60 D
61 A 62 A 63 C 64 B 65 D
