1. st/sta/stitut=stand(站立)
steady: st(站立)+ead+-y(…的)→稳的
destination: de-(leave)+st(站立)+in+-ation→目的地
contrast: contra-(against)+st(站立)→对比
circumstance: circum-(round)+st(站立)+-ance→环境
restore: re-(back,again)+st(站立)+ore→修复
distance: dis-(apart)+st(站立)+-ance→分开站→距离
distant: di-(apart)+st(站立)+-ant(…的)→疏远的
estate: e-(out)+st(站立)+-ate→站立着的物体→不动产
obstacle: ob-(against)+sta(站立)+-cle→障碍
statement: sta(站立)+te+-ment→陈述
status: stat(站立)+us→地位，身份
substance: sub-(under)+st(站立)+-ance→立于表象之下→实质
substantial: sub-(under)+sta(站立)+nt+-ial(…的)→牢固的
install: in-+sta(站立)+ll→安置
installation: install(设置)+-ation→安置
static: sta(站立)+-tic(…的)→静止的
stable: st(站立)+-able(…的)→稳定的
instant: in-(upon,near)+sta(站立)+nt→立即的
constitute: con-(together)+stitut(站立)+e→站在一起→组成
constitution: con-(together)+stitut(站立)+-ion→组成
institute: in-(up)+stitut(站立)+e→被建立起来的场所→学院
institution: institut(e)(建立)+-ion社会公共机构
substitute: sub-(under)+stitute(站立)→站在下面等着→代替
2. strain,strict,string,stress=draw tight(拉紧)
restraint: re-(back)+strain(拉紧)+t→抑制
restrain: re-(back)+strain(拉紧)→抑制
constrict: con-(together)+strict(拉紧)→使缩紧
district: di-(apart)+strict(拉紧)→地区
restrict: re-(again)+strict(拉紧)→约束
distress: di-(apart)+stress(拉紧)→使痛苦
3. tain, ten, tin=hold(拿), keep(保持)
attain: at-(to)+tain(拿)→拿到→达到
contain: con-(together)+tain(保持)→包含
container: contain(容纳)+-er(表物)→容器
maintain: main(head)+tain(拿)→保持
obtain: ob-(near)+tain(拿)→获得
retain: re-(back)+tain(拿)→保持，保留
sustain: sus-(下面)+tain(保持)→在下面保持→支持，支撑
entertainment: entertain(使欢乐，招待)+-ment→娱乐
entertain: enter-(among)+tain(保持)→使欢乐
content: con-(together)+ten(拿)+t→拿在一起→内容，容量
maintenance: main(head)+ten(拿)+-ance→保持
continue: con-(together)+tin(拿)+ue→延伸
continual: continu(=continue)+-al(…的)→不停的
4. tend/tens/tent=stretch(张开)
tendency: tend(张开)+-ency→趋向，趋势
attend: at(to)+tend(张开)→出席，参加
attention: at(to)+tent(张开)+-ion→专心
intend: in-(into)+tend(张开)→想要， 打算
pretend: pre-(before)+tend(张开)→假装， 装作
extension: ex-(out)+tens(张开)+-ion→伸出，扩展
extent: ex-(out)+tent(张开)→广度，宽度
extend: ex-(out)+tend(张开)→扩展
extensive: ex-(out)+tens(张开)+-ive(…的)→广大的
contend: con-(together)+tend(张开)→争夺，斗争
tense: tens(张开)+-e→拉紧的，绷紧的
tension: tens(张开)+-ion→紧张，张力，拉力
intense: in-(into)+tense(拉紧的)→热情的
intensity: intens(e)(强烈的)+-ity→强烈
intensive: in-(into)+tens(张开)+-ive(…的)→精工细作的
intention: inten(d)(打算)+-tion→意图
5. tract,treat,trac,trait,tray=draw(拉)
subtract: sub-(down)+tract(拉)→减去
abstract: abs-(from)+tract(拉)→抽象的
distract: dis-(apart)+tract(拉)→使分心
attractive: attract(吸引)+-ive(…的)→有吸引力的
attract: at-(to)+tract(拉)→吸引
attraction: attract(吸引)+-ion→吸引力
contract: con-(together)+tract(拉)→订合同
treaty: treat(拉)+-y→条约
retreat: re-(back)+treat(拉)→退却
treatment: treat(拉)+-ment→待遇
trace: trac(拉)+e→查出
track: trac(拉)+k→小路
portray: por-(forward)+tray(拉)→描写
portrait: por-(forward)+trait(拉)→肖像
withdraw: with-(against)+draw(拉)→撤退
6. tribute=pay(支付), bestow(赠与)
attribute: at-(to)+tribute(赠与)→归因于…
contribute: con-(加强意义)+tribute(赠与)→捐献
contribution: contribut(=contribute) +-ion→捐款
distribute: dis-(apart)+tribute(赠与)→分配
distribution: distribut(=distribute)+-ion→分配
7. us,uti=use(用)
abuse: ab-(from)+use(用)→滥用
used: us(用)+-ed(…的)→用过的
usual: us(用)+-ual(…的)→经常的
utility: uti(用)+l+-ity(名词后缀)→功用
utilize: uti(用)+l+-ize(名词后缀)→使用
8. val,vail=strong(强壮的), worth(价值)
valid: vali(价值)+d→有效的
equivalent: equi(equal)+val(价值)+-ent(…的)→等价的(物)
prevail: pre-(excessively)+vail(强壮的)→占优势
available: a-+vail(价值)+-able(…的)→可利用的
value: val(价值)+-ue→价值
evaluate: e-(out)+val(价值)+-uate→评估
valuable: val(价值)+u+-able(…的)→有价值的
9. ven/vent=come(来到)
adventure: ad-(to)+vent(来到)+-ure→冒险
intervene: inter-(between)+ven(来到)+e→干涉
invent: in-(upon)+vent(来到)→发明
prevent: pre-(before)+vent(来到)→预防
event: e-(out)+vent(来到)→事件
eventually: event(结果)+-ual(…的)+-ly→最后
convenience: con-(together)+ven(来到)+-ience→方便
convenient: con-(together)+ven(来到)+-ient(…的)→方便的
avenue: a-+ven(来到)+-ue→大街，大道
revenue: re-(back)+ven(来到)+ue→收益
venture: vent(来到)+-ure→冒险
10. vers/vert=turn(转)
advertise: ad-(to)+vert(转)+-ise→能转变人们的看法→宣传
advertisement: advertise(做广告)+-ment→广告
anniversary: anni-(year)+vers(转)+-ary→周年纪念
convert: con-(together)+vert(转)→(使)转变
conversely: con-(together)+vers(转)+e+-ly→相反地
controversial: contro-(反)+vers(转)+-ial(…的)→有争议的
controversy: contro-(against)+vers(转)+-y→争论
divert: di-(apart)+vert(转)→使转向
diverse: di-(apart)+vers(转)+e→不同的
diversion: di-(apart)+vers(转)+-ion→转移
reverse: re-(back)+vers(转)+e→反向，倒转
vertical: vert(转)+-ical(…的)→垂直的
version: vers(转)+-ion→译本
universal: uni-(one)+vers(转)+-al(…的)→通用的
universe: uni-(one)+vers(转)+e→宇宙
university: uni-(one)+vers(转)+-ity→大学
11. vi,voy,vey=way(路)
via: vi(路)+a→走过的路线→经由
convey: con-(together)+vey(路)→运送
obvious: ob-(near)+vi(路)+-ous(…的)→明显的
previous: pre-(before)+vi(路)+-ous(…的)→在…之前
voyage: voy(路)+-age→航行
12. vict,vinc=conquer(征服)
victory: vict(征服)+-ory→胜利
convict: con-(强调作用)+vict(征服)→证明…有罪
conviction: convict(证明…有罪)+-ion→定罪
convince: con-(共同)+vinc(e)(征服)→使确信
13. vid,vis,vic=see(看)
advisable: ad-(to)+vis(看)+-able(…的)→可取的
advise: ad-(to)+vis(看)+e→建议
devise: de-(apart)+vis(看)+e→想出
device: de-( apart)+vic(看)+e→能分开看的工具→装置
envy: en-(on)+vy(vis的变体，看)→羡慕
evident: e-(out)+vid(看)+-ent(…的)→明显的
evidently: evident(明显的)+-ly→明显地
revise: re-(again)+vis(看)+e→修订
invisible: in-(not)+vis(看)+-ible(…的)→看不见的
provide: pro-(before)+vid(看)+e→供给
provided: pro-(before)+vid(看)+-ed→假如
provision: pro-(before)+vis(看)+-ion→准备
survey: sur-(over)+vey(vis的变体，看)→调查
visible: vis(看)+-ible(…的)→看得见的
vision: vis(看)+-ion→视觉
visual: vis(看)+-ual(…的)→视觉的
interview: inter-(between)+view(vis的变体，看)→接见
review: re-(again)+view(vis的变体，看)→审查
viewpoint: view(vis的变体，看)+point(点)→观点
14. vig,vit,viv=lively(充满活力的),live(生活，生存)
vigorous: vig(充满活力的)+or+-ous(…的)→精力充沛的
vitamin: vit(生活，生存)+-amin(表物质)→维他命
revive: re-(again)+viv(充满活力的)+e→复活
survival: surviv(e)(幸存)+-al→幸存者
survive: sur-(超过)+viv(生存)+e→幸存
vivid: viv(生活，生存)+-id(…的)→栩栩如生的
alive: a-+live(生活)→活着的
living: liv(e)(生活)+-ing→活着的
15. ab=from,away from,off
abnormal: ab-(away from)+normal(正常的)→反常的
abortion: ab-(away from)+or(arise, grow)+-tion→堕胎
abundant: ab-(away)+und(wave)+-ant(…的)→充足的
absorb: ab-(off)+sorb(suck up)→吸收
16. com,con,co,col=together(一起)
combine: com-(together)+bine(two)→结合，联合
combination: combin(e)(结合)+-ation→结合
condense: con-(together)+dense(make thick)→浓缩
coordinate: co-(together)+ordin(安排)+-ate(…的)→并列的
collapse: col-(together)+lapse(glide down)→崩溃
consult: con-(together)+sult(sit)→商议，请教
consultant: consult(请教)+-ant(表人)→顾问
17. de=down,away,fully,from
decay: de-(down)+cay(fall)→衰败
declare: de-(fully)+clare(clear)→宣告
despite: de-(down)+spite(see)→不管
detain: de-(from,away)+tain(hold)→扣押
demonstrate: de-(fully)+monstrate(展示)→表明
derive: de-(away)+rive(stream)→起源
18. dis,des,di,dif=apart, away
discern: dis-(apart)+cern(separate)→识别
disguise: dis-(apart)+guise(manner,fashion)→假扮
displace: dis-(apart)+place(放置)→取代
discard: dis-(apart)+card(paper)→抛弃
disorder: dis-(apart)+order(有序状态)→混乱
dessert: des-(apart)+sert(serve)→甜食
dilute: di-(apart)+lute(wash)→冲淡
difficult: dif-(apart)+ficult(easy)→困难的
difficulty: dif-(apart)+ficult(easy)+-y→困难
stain: s-(dis-的简写)+tain(dye)→染色
disgust: dis-(apart)+gust(taste)→厌恶
19. en,em=in,into或表加强
encounter: en-(in)+counter(against)→遭遇
energy: en-(into)+erg(work)+-y→干劲
enlighten: en-(in)+light+-en→启发
enrich: en-(in)+rich→使富裕
enlarge: en-(in)+large→扩大
entitle: en-(in)+title→给…资格
environment: en-(in)+viron(circuit)+-ment→环境
enrol(l): en-(in)+rol(l)(名册)→登记
engage: en-(in)+gage(pledge)→使订婚
embrace: em-(in)+brace(two arms)→拥抱
20. ex,es=out of, fully
exotic: ex-(out of)+ot+-ic(…的)→外(国)来的
explain: ex-(fully)+plain(flatten)→解释，说明
explanation: expla(i)n(解释，说明)+-ation→解释，说明
exterior: ex-(out)+ter+-ior→外部的
external: ex-(out)+tern+-al(…的)→外部的
extraordinary: extra-(beyond)+ordinary(平常的)→不平常的
extra: ex-(out of)+tra→额外的
escape: es-(out)+cape(无袖的短外套)→逃跑
excellent: ex-(out)+cell+-ent(…的)→优秀的
exchange: ex-(fully)+change(变换)→交换
21. in=in,to,towards
incentive: in-(to)+cent(song)+-ive→激励
indoor: in-(in)+door→室内的
inner: in-(in)+ner→里面的
inside: in-(in)+side→里面的
inward: in-(in)+-ward(表方向)→向内
invest: in-(in)+vest(cloth)→投入，投资
investment: invest(投资)+-ment→投资
inland: in-(in)+land(陆地)→在内地
involve: in-(in)+volve(转)→包含
investigate: in-(in)+vestigate(追踪)→调查
incline: in-(to)+cline(倾斜)→倾向， 斜坡，斜面
insight: in-(in)+sight(视力)→洞察力
indulge: in-(towards)+dulge(be kind)→纵容
22. inter=between, among
interfere: inter-(between)+fere(strike)→干涉,干扰
interference: interfer(e)+-ence→干扰，妨碍
interior: inter-(among)+-ior(表比较级)→内部的
intermediate: inter-(between)+mediate(中间的)→中间的
internal: inter-(among)+-nal(…的)→内部的
international: inter-(between)+national(国家的)→国际的
interpret: inter-(between)+pret(price)→解释
interpretation: interpret+-ation→解释，说明
interval: inter-(between)+val(wall)→间隔
23. over=above(在…上面)，across(穿过), beyond(超过)
overall: over-(above)+all(所有的)→总体的
overhead: over-(above)+head(头)→在头顶上
overnight: over-(across)+night(夜)→一整夜的
overtake: over-(beyond)+take(跳越)→追上
overseas: over-(beyond)+sea(海)+s→在海外
24. re=again, back,against
recruit: re-(again)+cruit(增加)→吸收，招募
recycle: re-(again)+cycle(循环)→回收利用
refresh: re-(again)+fresh(新鲜的)→振作精神
refusal: re-(back)+fus(倒)+-al→倒回来→拒绝
refuse: re-(back)+fuse(倒)→拒绝
refuge: re-(back)+fuge(flee)→逃难
refugee: refug(e)(逃难)+-ee(表人)→难民
reluctant: re-(against)+luct(斗争)+-ant(…的)→不情愿的
replace: re-(back)+place(放置)→把…放回原处
replacement: replace(代替)+-ment→代替，取代
resemble: re-(强调作用)+semble(像)→像
resemblance: re-(again)+sembl(e)(imitate)+-ance→相似
retrieve: re-(again)+trieve(find)→挽回
recall: re-(back)+call→唤回→记起
reconcile: re-(again)+concile(和谐)→使协调
render: re-(back)+-nder→提供
resort: re-(back)+sort(come out)→求助
revolve: re-(again)+volve(roll)→旋转
reveal: re-(back)+veal(遮掩)→揭露
reward: re-(强调作用)+ward(留心)→奖赏
25. trans=across,beyond,over,through
translate: trans-(across)+late(carried)→翻译
translation: trans-(across)+late(carried)+-ion→翻译
transmission: trans-(across)+mis(mit的变体，send)+-sion→传送
transport: trans-(across)+port(搬)→运输
transportation: transport(运输)+-ation→运输
transplant: trans-(across)+plant(植物)→移栽
transparent: trans-(through)+parent(appear)→明显的
