托福口语考试中的“城市生活话题”

2008-11-07

建议考生回答问题时应有所侧重，选择城市生活或乡村生活进行重点叙述。有主有次，层次分明，才能突出主题。

1.“城市生活话题”关键词汇、短语和句型

* 常用词汇：

apartment, banks, bookstore, building, cafeteria, capital, church, court, countryside, courtyard, district, flat, highway, hotel, house, hospital, junk shop旧货店； library, market, metropolis大都市； monument纪念碑； municipal市的，市政的； municipality市政当局； museum, newsstand报摊； outskirts, port, restaurant, school, scenery, shop, store, skyscraper摩天大楼； slums贫民区； stadium体育场； station, suburb, theatre, university, urban, zoo, etc.

* 常用短语：

art gallery 美术馆； barber shop, be up to one’s neck in work 忙碌； botanical garden 植物园； city centre, city hall市政厅，市政府； city planning, densely populated, department stores, down payment 分期付款的定金； employment agency职业介绍； garden city, get one’s hands full 很忙； modern buildings, modern industry, post office, public lavatory, public telephone, residential area, shopping center, snack bar, stock exchange股票交易所； traffic light, etc.

◆ 常用句型：

1. Could you tell me where the bank is?

2. Excuse me, where is the post office?

3. How do you like where you live?

4. I’m an office worker.

5. I work for the government.

6. Let’s go to the snack bar and get something to eat.

7. The mall is packed today.

8. What are the main problems of the city life?

9. When is the store / the bar closing?

10. Where is the Lost and Found counter?

2、实例：

Narrator:

Describe where you prefer to live, in the city or in the country? Include details to support your explanation.

You may begin to prepare your response after the beep.
[2 seconds beep]

Preparation time:	15 seconds
Response time:	45 seconds

Narrator:

Please begin speaking after the beep.
[2 seconds beep]

Suggested Answer:

A modern city has many conveniences such as electricity, gas, schools, hospitals, cinemas and so on. These conveniences make the people’s life comfortable and easy. All kinds of entertainment are available in big cities. But there are crimes, air pollution, overcrowding and traffic jams here.

The countryside has its own attractions, such as clean air, water and quiet environment. Besides, one can enjoy a peaceful life and the beautiful natural scenery. But some modern facilities are not available. For example, it may not be very convenient for a person to go to a middle school.

I prefer to live in a city because there are more opportunities for education and jobs. I also prefer to live in the countryside for a short period of time. In this way I can enjoy what the nature can provide.

词汇与解析：

WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS

1. available adj. 可用到的，可利用的

2. comfortable adj. 舒适的

3. convenience n. 便利，方便

4. entertainment n. 娱乐，娱乐表演

5. peaceful adj. 平静的，安宁的

6. scenery n. 风景，景色

7. traffic jams: 交通拥挤

答案解析：

回答直切主题，论据充分。首先，参考答案列举了城市生活的利弊。城市设施完善，有学校、医院和各种娱乐活动，但是，城市里犯罪率高，空气污染，人口稠密，交通堵塞。紧接着，考生分析乡村生活的特点，空气新鲜，环境宁静，还有美丽的自然风光, 不足之处是农村没有某些现代化的设备，然后举例说明。最后，考生谈了自己的选择和理由，结尾和前面的叙述相互佐证，令人信服。

参考答案采用了对比手法和举例法。对比了城市与乡村的各自利弊，再举例说明 (For example, it may not be very convenient for a person to go to a middle school.)。

此答案稍微偏长，考生要在很短的时间内流利的陈述这些内容并非容易。建议考生回答问题时应有所侧重，选择城市生活或乡村生活进行重点叙述。有主有次，层次分明，才能突出主题。

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