Today petroleum(石油)provides around 40% of the world’s energy needs,mostly fuelling automobiles.Coal is still used,mostly in power stations,to cover one-quarter of our energy needs,but it is the least efficient,unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel(矿物燃料).Natural gas reserves could fill some of the gap from oil,but reserves of that will not last into the 22nd century either.Most experts predict we will exhaust easily accessible reserves within 50 years.Less-polluting renewable energy sources offer a more practical long-term energy solution.“Renewable”refers to the fact that these resources are not used faster than they can be replaced.
Hydroelectric(水力发电的)power is now the most common form of renewable energy,supplying around 20% of world electricity.China’s Three Gorges Dam is the largest ever.At five times the size of the US’s Hoover Dam,its 26 turbines(涡轮机)will generate the equivalent energy of 18 coal-fired power stations.It will satisfy 3% of China’s entire electricity demand.
In 2003,the first commercial power station to use tidal(潮汐的)currents in the open sea opened in Norway.It is designed like windmill(风车),but others take the form of turbines.
As prices fall,wind power has become the fastest growing type of electricity generation-quadrupling(翻两番)worldwide between 1999 and 2005.Modern wind farms consist of turbines that generate electricity.Though it will be more expensive,there is more than enough wind to provide the world’s entire energy needs.Wind farms come in onshore and offshore forms.They can often end up at spots of natural beauty,and are often unpopular with residents.And turbines are not totally harmless-they can interfere with radar,alter climate and kill sea birds.Scotland is building Europe’s largest wind farm,which will power 200,000 homes.The UK’s goal is to generate one-fifth of power from renewable sources,mainly wind,by 2020.But this may cause problems,because wind is unreliable.
41.According to the passage,which of the following is the most polluting energy resource?
A.Petroleum.B.Coal.
C.Natural gasD.Water.
42.China’s Three Gorges Dam
A.is the first hydroelectric dam in the world.
B.is of the same size as the US’s Hoover Dam.
C.can generate around 3% of world electricity.
D.is the largest hydroelectric dam in the world.
43.Which country took the lead in making use of tidal currents to produce power in 2003?
A.The UK.B.China.
C.Norway.D.The US.
44.One of the problems with wind farms is that
A.there is not enough wind.
B.wind is not reliable.
C.they can only be built on the sea.
D.they might influence the world economy.
45.According to the passage,resources like wind are
A.renewable.B.recyclable.
C.damaging.D.scarce.
第5部分：补全短文（第46~50题，每题2分，共10分）
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。
Farmers’ Markets
Charlotte Hollins knows she faces a battle.The 23-year-old British farmer and her 21-year-old brother Ben are fighting to save the farm from developers that their father worked on since he was 14.（46）
“You don’t often get a day off.Supermarkets put a lot of pressure on farmers to keep prices down.With fewer people working on fams it can be isolating,”she said.“There is a high rate of suicide and farming will never make you rich!”
Oliver Robinson,25,grew up on a farm in Yorkshire.（47）“I’m sure dad hoped I’d stay,”he said.“I guess it’s a nice,straightforward life,but it doesn’t appeal.For young,ambitious people,farm life would be a hard world.”For Robinson,farming doesn’t offer much“in terms of money or lifestyle.”Hollins agrees that economics stops people from pursuing farming rewards:“providing for a vital human need,while working outdoors with nature.”
Farming is a big political issue in the UK.（48）The 2001 foot and mouth crisis closed thousands of farms,stopped meat exports,and raised public consciousness of troubles in UK farming.
Jamie Oliver’s 2005 campaign to get children to eat healthily also highlighted the issue.This national concern spells(带来)hope for farmers competing with powerful supermarkets.（49）
“I started going to Farmers’ Markets in direct defiance(蔑视)of the big supermarkets.（50）It’s terrible,”said Londoner Michael Samson.
ABut he never considered staying on his father and grandfather’s land.
BWhile most people buy food from the big supermarkets,hundreds of independent Farmers’ Markets are becoming popular.
CWhile confident they will succeed,she lists farming’s many challenges:
DYoung people prefer to live in cities.
EI seriously objected to the super-sizing of everything-what exactly DO they put on our apples to make them so big and red?
F“Buy British”campaigns urge(鼓励)consumers not to buy cheaper imported foods.
第6部分：完形填空（第51~65题，每题1分，共15分）
下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
An Intelligent Car
Driving needs sharp eyes,keen ears,quick brain,and coordination(协调)between hands and the brain.Many human drivers have all（51）and can control a fast-moving car.But how does an intelligent car control itself?
There is a virtual(虚拟的)driver in the smart car.This virtual driver has“eyes,”“brains,”“hands”and“feet,”too.The minicameras（52）each side of the car are his“eyes,”which（53）the road conditions ahead of it.They watch the（54）to the car’s left and right.There is also a highly automatic driving（55）in the car.It is the built-in computer,which is the virtual driver’s“brain.”His“brain”（56）the speeds of other moving cars near it and analyzes their positions.Basing on this information,it chooses the（57）path for the intelligent car,and gives instructions to the “hands”and“feet”to act accordingly.In this way,the virtual driver（58）his car.
What is the virtual driver’s best advantage?He reacts（59）.The minicameras are bringing（60）continuously to the “brain.”It completes the processing of the images within 100 milliseconds.（61）,the world’s best driver needs at least one second to react.Besides,when he takes（62）,he needs one more second.
The virtual driver is really wonderful.He can reduce the accident（63）considerably on expressways(高速公路).In this（64）,can we let him have the wheel at any time and in any place?Experts（65）that we cannot do that just yet.His ability to recognize things is still limited.He can now only drive an intelligent car on expressways.
51.A.theseB.themC.thisD.that
52.A.inB.aboveC.toD.on
53.A.changeB.observeC.improveD.meet
54.A.policeB.trafficC.petsD.trees
55.A.buttonB.doorC.systemD.activity
56.A.calculatesB.reachesC.gathersD.reduces
57.A.differentB.narrowC.sameD.right
58.A.stopsB.findsC.controlsD.selects
59.A.quicklyB.cleverlyC.virtuallyD.safely
60.A.ideasB.newsC.memoryD.images
61.A.soB.HoweverC.BesidesD.Therefore
62.A.actionB.roleC.decisionD.notice
63.A.investigationB.preventionC.rateD.report
64.A.caseB.methodC.mannerD.file
65.A.exposeB.warnC.hopeD.wish
