完形填空更注重对篇章语境的考查,而并非单纯孤立的考查语法和词汇知识。做好完形填空的题目,考生日常要注意对段落和上下文的把握,要善于捕捉文中提供的信息。在单项填空中提到的几项解题方法同样适用于完形填空,考生应该在深刻领会的基础上综合运用各种解题方法。华洋专家提出“三遍阅读法”解题,通过第一遍阅读快速浏览,根据不完整的句子掌握短文的大概意思,知道文章在讲一些什么事情,不需要纠缠细节的东西。因为时间上的限制,这遍阅读要快,在快速阅读中尽可能充分理解短文意思。第二遍就是分析选择,在第一遍的基础上,认真分析每一个空白,根据上下文,语法、词法等基本语言知识,给每空选出最佳答案。第二遍阅读要求考生尽可能仔细,认真分析短文的每一个细节。第三遍把做好选择代入文章进行通读,检查有没有遗漏或者错误。这一遍一般也要求要较快的完成,实际是对自己前两遍工作的一个复查验证。如果能够认真的完成上述三遍阅读,完形填空应该能够得到很好的成绩。有的考生在开始的时候觉得三遍特别费时间,拿到题目读了第一句就要做出选择,其实这是不好的做法,“欲速则不达”,没有第一遍阅读,不了解短文的大致意思,很难快速而高准确率的做出选择。
【经典例题1】
阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的[a]、[b]、[c]三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
the big ben(英国大笨钟) is located in the tower in london. it is very famous 1 the world, but nobody knows why it is 2 big ben. there are two stories 3 this. some people say that it was named 4 benjamin caunt, a boxer. people called 5 big ben. but more people believe it was called after welshman, sir benjamin hall. he was in 6 of this work in 1859. a story was told that during a 7 in a meeting on what 8 the bell, sir benjamin was going to give his ideas an Officer behind him shouted 9 , “let’s call it big ben!” from 10 on it was named big ben.
1. [a] throughout [b] over [c] at
2. [a] say [b]call [c]called
3. [a] of [b] for [c]about
4. [a] BECause [b] after [c] of
5. [a] they [b] it [c] him
6. [a] change [b] charge [c] believe
7. [a] discussion [b]decision [c] fighting
8. [a] calls [b] to call [c] is called
9. [a] quick [b] sudden [c] suddenly
10. [a] now [b] that [c] then
【正确答案】 1.[a] 2.[c] 3.[c] 4.[b] 5.[c] 6.[b] 7.[a] 8.[b] 9.[c] 10.[c]
【名师精解】
通过第一遍的快速通读,我们大概了解这篇短文主要是讲英国大笨钟名称的由来。
1的三个选项中,表示全世界文明应该用throughout the world. 这也是个习惯用法。
2是对语态的考查,“被称为”要用被动语态,[a]、[b]语态都不对。
3选about. 关于命名有两个故事.
4是考查动词的习惯搭配,name after表示“以……命名”。故正确答案为after. 如果考生并没有掌握这个词组也能通过上下文选出正确答案,因为下一句就有同义词组call after.
5也是考查考生对上下文的把握,人们称benjamin caunt为big ben,因此指代benjamin caunt应该是him.
6考查习惯搭配,in charge of 表示负责,主持(工作)。
7是说大家讨论、商量钟的命名问题,因此应该是discussion,decision的意思是决定,而fighting 表示争吵,意思都不妥当。
8利用排除法很容易得出正确答案,[a]、[c]都比较容易排除,因为很明显时态不对,因此正确答案是[b]。
9处应该是个状语,做状语的一般词性为副词而不是形容词,因此正确答案为suddenly。
10考查惯用词组,from then on 从那时起,from now on 表示从现在起,一般没有from that on 的说法。
【经典例题2】
阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的[a]、[b]、[c]三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
on the way home my wife saw a bookshelf outside a shop. “ 1 it,” she said. “we will 2 it home on the roof-rack. i’ve always wanted one like that.” ten minutes 3 we were back with the bookshelf. i drove slowly. other 4 seemed more polite than usual. the driver even stopped traffic to let us through. after a while my wife said, “there’s a long line of cars 5 . why don’t they overtake(超车)?” just at that time a police car did overtake, and two officers inside asked us to 6 their car through the busy traffic. the police car stopped at the church. one of the officers came to me and said, “do you need any more 7 now?” i said, “you’ve been very 8 . we live just down the road.” he was looking at the bookshelf. “oh, he said and 9 , we thought it was something else.” suddenly i understood 10 the police drove here.
1. [a] buy [b] want [c] like
2. [a] take [b] carry [c]later
3. [a] before [b] after [c] later
4. [a] drivers [b] police [c] cleaners
5. [a] behind [b] before [c] beside
6. [a] take [b] follow [c] move
7. [a] time [b]money [c] help
8. [a] kind [b] clever [c] polite
9. [a] laughed [b] cried [c] shouted
10. [a] how [b] why [c] what
【正确答案】 1.[a] 2.[a] 3.[c] 4.[a] 5.[a] 6.[b] 7.[c] 8.[a] 9.[a] 10.[b]
【名师精解】
解答该题,需要对短文通读,了解文章的大概意思。本文的大意是我跟妻子买了一个书架放在车顶上运回家,街上的其他司机们都很礼貌的给我们让路,后来更有警车给我们开路,最后我才恍然明白警察误以为出了什么事情才来帮我们。了解了大意之后对每个空白和选项进行详细分析,选出正确答案。因为第一句话说我跟妻子在回家路上在一家商店外面看到一个书架
1处应该选“buy”,买了之后应该是带回家
2中carry表示“去取回来”,文中是说在“回家路上…”,意思不对,这里应该填一个动词,因此c也不对。
3处需要把表示时间的短语补充完整,根据后半句的意思“我们带着书架回家”,肯定是在“说完、买后”,因此应该是“ten minutes later”表示妻子说完的10分钟后我们就带着书架回家了。
4处重点考查考生对上下文的把握,后面的一句话说有个司机甚至停下来给我们让路让我们过去,因此前面应该是说今天的“司机们”都比平时有礼貌,而不是“警察”或者“清洁工”。
5应该选“behind”看到别人让路这种不同平常的现象,妻子比较奇怪为什么后面的车不超车上来。
6应该选“follow”,“take”和“move”的意思放在这里都不对。正说着,一个警车超车上来并让我们跟在他们的后面穿过拥挤的交通
7的三个选项中,应该结合上文“警察给我们带路”是帮助我们,因此是说“还需要帮助”吗?选help。
8处应该选kind,对主人公老说,警察刚才的做法已经非常的“和善,友善”,而不是“礼貌(警车不必要对一般的司机格外礼貌)”或者“聪明”,因此。,因此是
9选“laughed”,然后主人公给警察说就住在这条街,警察意识到他们误解了
10选“how”,这个时候,主人公恍然大悟,明白为什么警察开车到这里了.