part ii reading comprehension
阅读理解考试要点
1. 能够掌握文章的中心思想、主要内容和细节信息；
2. 具备根据上下文把握词义的能力；理解上下文的逻辑关系；
3. 能够根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推论；
4. 能够对文章的结构和作者的态度等作出简单的分析和判断 (irrelevant)
important：命题原则
1 material selection - not too specialised, not too complicated, right length ...
2 one-one principle - each question is based on a particular sentence/a group of relevant sentences in the article
3 correct choice - exactly corresponding with the meaning of the original sentence, reasonable and sensible ...
4 wrong choices - wrong information or partial information, irrelevant information, unreasonable conclusions ...
无关信息例句
mobiles are popular among people BECause _______
a. they think mobiles are fun
b. they believe mobilse are safe
c. they love to listen to music
d. they feel it easier to talk to each other
依据句
why are mobiles so popular? because people love to talk to each other. and it is easier with a mobile phone.
错误信息例句
how did researchers know that ancient greeks rushed to watch the olympics?
a. thousands of people came to watch.
b. the main stadium is still not big enough.
c. they have found the related record of events.
d. many of them were visitors and pilgrims.
依据句
“we have accounts of visitors and pilgrims setting up tents all around the site.”
没有道理的说法例句
parents buy mobile phones for their children because ________ .
a. mobile phones are very fashionable with teenagers
b. they can call home if they are in trouble and need help
c. they can use mobiles to play simple computer games
d. mobile phones enable teenagers to give up smoking
5种常见考题类型
1 general questions - main ideas
2 specific questions - specific information
3 true/false statements
4 inference/implications
5 vocabulary
总答题策略
1. skimming the article first, or
2. skimming the questions first (depending on one’s own level)
3. locating the key words/signal words in the questions
4. tracing the original sentence by scanning the key words /signal words in the article
5. making first judgement by using common sense, then confirming your choice
英语篇章结构
(to help locate the original sentence)
1. topic paragraph/sentence(主题)
2. supporting paragraphs/sentences(支持信息)
3. conclusion(总结)
例题：
(2007年真题)
questions 11—15 are based on the following passage:
in the fall 2006, the national basketball association (nba) started using basketballs made with synthetic, or manmade material instead of leather. they made the switch because they wanted every basketball they use to feel and bounce the same.
however, some players complained right away that the new balls bounced differently and were actually harder to control than leather ones. dallas mavericks owner mark cuban asked for help the department of physics at the university of texas. the scientists investigated friction that affects the ability of a player to hold onto a ball. “ the greater the friction, the better it will stick to his hand,” explains horwitz, one of the physicists who worked on the project.
tests on both wet and dry balls showed that while the plastic ball was easier to grip when dry, it had less friction and became much harder to hold onto when wet. that’s because sweating stays on the surface of the synthetic balls but gets absorbed into the leather balls – an important detail for sweaty athletes.
in january, the nba went back to using the traditional leather balls. they aren’t perfect, but for now, that’s just the way the ball bounces. (197 w.)
11. the nba started using synthetic basketballs instead of leather ones because _______.
a. nba players had used the leather balls for too long a time
b. nba officials wanted a switch with which to start a reform
c. they emphasized that synthetic materials are manmade
d. they wanted every basketball to feel and bounce the same
12. how did some nba players respond to the switch to synthetic balls?
a. they felt that the new balls were worse than the leather balls.
b. they thought differently about the leather balls.
c. they felt much more comfortable with the synthetic balls.
d. they believed the new balls would soon be replaced.
13. which of the following contributes to the better control of the balls?
a. stronger affection. b. more ownership.
c. greater friction. d. fewer investigations.
14. when is it harder for an nba player to hold onto a synthetic ball?
a. when sweating sticks to the ball.
b. when the ball is wetted by water.
c. when tests are done on the ball.
d. when the ball is dried with a towel.
15. in the last paragraph, “that’s just the way the ball bounces” probably means _______.
a. tradition offers the best choice
b. the nba made a mistake
c. the ball bounces as best it can
d. the ball bounces perfectly
questions 16—20 are based on the following passage:
a mother dolphin (海豚) chats with her baby over the telephone! they were in separate tanks connected by a special underwater audio link. “it seemed clear that they knew who they were talking with,” says don white, whose project delphis ran the experiment. but what were they saying?
scientists think dolphins “talk” about everything from basic facts like their age to their emotional state. “i speculate that they say things like ‘there are some good fish over here,’ or ‘watch out for that shark because he’s hunting,’” says denis herzing, who studies dolphins in the bahamas.
deciphering (译解) “dolphin speak” is also tricky because their language is so dependent on what they’re doing, whether they’re playing, fighting, or going after tasty fish. during fights, for example, dolphins clap (碰撞) their jaws to say “back off!” but their jaws clap while playing, too, as if to show who’s king of the underwater playground.
16. how did the mother dolphin talk with her baby over the telephone?
a. two connected tanks were separated for the talk.
b. a clear voice could be heard in the two separate tanks.
c. both the mother dolphin and the baby knew each other.
d. as special underwater audio link was sep up for the talk
17. dolphins seem to talk to each other about any of the following except ______.
a. their age b. audio link
c. food sources d. their emotional state
18. why is it challenging to interpret “dolphin speak”?
a. because playing and fighting are part of dolphins’ life.
b. because dolphins like to talk about their language.
c. because dolphins’ language heavily relies on their actions.
d. because tasty fish are difficult for dolphins to catch.
19. a dolphin might be saying “________” when it claps its jaws.
a. go back to your home! b. i am the king here!
c. who is playing here? d. show me who the king is!
20. when scientists describe dolphins’ communicative skills, their tone is rather ________.
a. affirmative b. negative
c. playful d. speculative
1.大嘴鲈鱼界只在有鲦鱼出现的河中长有浮藻的水域里生活。漠亚河中没有大嘴鲈鱼。