概括大意和完成句子
1. 每道题型四分，共八分。
2. 十分钟之内必须做完一道题。
3. 一篇文章出了两个题型，一个题型是概括大意，另一个是完成句子。分别出四个题， 每道题1分，共8分。
一. 概括大意
1.分值：4分。 2.题型特点：它考的是四段的中心思想。 注意：(1)提供的备选答案是六个。 (2)文章的篇幅。 3.做题的步骤： a.看标题。(查字典与不查字典)。
b.看问哪四段并做好标记。
(P148)
Exercise one North America
1 The natural regions of North America are typified by broad areas of apparently similar appearance and morphology. The entire western margin of the continent is paralleled by a series of mountain chains with intermountain basins and plateaus. The vast interior of the continent
is dominated by gently rolling plains. The eastern side of the continent has both low mountain relief and, along the southeast coast, almost flat topography.
2 The agricultural resources of North America are immense, with much of this potential located in the United States and southern Canada. Almost all of the Interior Plains and the Atlantic and Gulf Lowlands regions are suitable for agriculture. Significant areas within the Western Uplands-wherever water is available-are valuable crop or pasture lands as smaller sections of Middle America.
3 Of the more than 400 million people in North America, more than 60%are located in the United States and almost another 20%live in Mexico. Almost all of Canada's people live within 200 km (125mi) of the U. S. border. The remainder of the continent's population is divided between the Caribbean and Central American countries, with Cuba, in the Caribbean, by far the most populous.
4 The educational levels of North Americans are exceeded on a continental scale only in Europe and in Australia. In the United States and Canada more than 50%of the people older than 25 years have completed at least 12 years of schooling. In addition, more than 15%have completed at least 4 years of college. Virtually the entire population of both countries are considered literate. In contrast, a large portion of the Middle American population does not finish primary school.
5 Levels of economic development vary greatly over the continent. The postindustrial economies of Canada and the United States employ well under one-tenth of their tabor forces in agriculture and one-third or less in industry, with the rest primarily employed in service industries. Fueled by oil revenues, Mexico's economy developed more rapidly in the 1970s than any other country's on the continent. The fall of oil prices in the 1980s, however, stalled this growth and plunged Mexico deeply into debt. In the Caribbean the pace of economic development is uneven, and unemployment rates are generally high.
A Agricultural Resources
B Education
C Economy
D People
E Land
F Employment
1 Paragraph 2 ________
2 Paragraph 3 ________
3 Paragraph 4 ________
4 Paragraph 5 ________
5 The topographical feature of North America is ________.
6 The great potential agricultural resources of North American lies in ________.
7 In U. S. and Canada ________ is considered illiterate.
8 Mexico's rapid economic development in the 1970s is due to ________.
A oil revenues
B none
C the entire population
D the U. S. and southern Canada
E intermountain basins and plateaus
F broad areas of similar appearance and morphology
c.分析A-F选项。(找关键词) 关键词：名词 1)冠词a，an，the后面的词一定是名词。若接两个单词，名词是后者。
2)of两边是名词。
3)介词的后面接的是名词。
4)one's后是名词。
5)通过名词的后缀判断名词。
-tion，- sion，-ness，-ment，-ance (-ce)，部分-y， 关键词：词组 数字年代 写法特殊的单词(专有名词、有小连字符的单词、有引号的单词) 形容词、副词、原级、比较级、最高级 注意：名词前的修饰词adj.大多数为原级。 名词前的修饰词反义词是否与文章表达一致。 比较级(-er)more less 最高级(-est) most least
d.到相应的段落找答案。
段的第一句;如果第一句没有，看第二句;第二句也没有，看最后一句。如这三个地方都没有，往中间看。
注意：1.如果在第二句前边出现了but、however、在线词以它们后面句子中的 在线词为主。 2.如果某个句子前边出现一下单词：show、conclude、conclusion、 find、suggest，到词后的句子中找关键词。 3.有绝对化意义的答案不选，如all。
(P155)
Exercise Five Baldness and Hair Loss
1 About one out of eight men in America experiences noticeable baldness by age 25, estimates American Medical Association. During the next ten years, three times as many male hairless can be seen bearing a speedy retreat. By age 45, close to half the male population shows obvious signs of so-called pattern baldness. At retirement age, 65 percent of men are at least partially bald.
2 But baldness is not limited to men. While no one knows exactly how many women are affected, some scientists report that an increasing number of women in their 20s and 30s are losing their hair for stress-related reasons. Some post-menopausal women suffer significant hair loss.
3 Researchers have yet to figure out why people go bald, although they've been pondering the question for hundreds of years. Scientists today say that 90 percent of all male baldness and some female baldness are genetically programmed, but they do not know the details.
4 The genetic program is activated by age. In men, the result generally follows a pattern: a gradually receding widow's peak in front eventually meets a growing "monk's spot" in back, leaving only a narrow horseshoe of hair around the head. Women tend to lose hair willy-nilly, resulting in sparse over-all coverage with no true bald spots.
5 But 10 percent of all men who lose their hair and almost all pre-menopausal women who lose their hair are not genetically programmed to go bald. Generally, tension and stress, nutritional deficiencies, drugs or radiation, illness or surgery, hair abuse (vigorous brushing, tight rubber bands or tautly pulled hair styles) and pregnancy are considered the answer.
6 Is there a cure for baldness? The afflicted have been asking that question and hotly pursuing the latest treatment. Actually, the answer is simple: if the baldness is caused by one of the
temporary conditions mentioned above, there is the cure: time. Hair almost grows back normally after the follicles recuperate from whatever temporary shock they received. But if you are genetically programmed to go bald, it will be much more difficult.
7 But, modern science does have some good news for the genetically programmed bald Person
who wants a full head of hair:
Individual styled and fitted hairpieces and wigs. The hairpiece technology is so sophisticated that it really is possible for nobody but only your hairdresser to know the truth.
Hair transplants. Developed in the 1950s, this technique involves the transplanting of "plugs", each consisting of 12-15 intact hairs and follicles, from the back of the head to the bald spots.
But the process is tedious and costly, and not everyone has enough hair to provide sufficient plugs. The newest solution is hair transplantation combined with scalp-reduction surgery.
Minoxidil. A drug used to treat high blood pressure but having the side effect of growing hair.
1 Paragraph 4 ________
2 Paragraph 5 ________
3 Paragraph 6 ________
4 Paragraph 7 ________
A Men suffering from baldness
B Genetically programmed baldness
C Factors causing hair loss other than genetic causes
D Cures for all kinds of baldness
E Women's problem of hair loss
F Solutions for genetically programmed hair loss
5 In the next ten years, the rate of men suffering from baldness may be ________.
6 Exactly why many women suffer from hair loss is ________.
7 The majority of men's baldness results from ________.
8 Just Wait, and many: people will recover from ________.
A still unknown
B genetic factors
C non-genetically programmed baldness
D tension, pregnancy, and other causes
E one Out of eight
F three out of eight
