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建筑类专业英语(第3册):建筑管理与财会(中国建筑工业出版社) |  |
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建筑类专业英语(第3册):建筑管理与财会(中国建筑工业出版社) | |
《建筑类专业英语(第3册)建筑管理与财会》由中国建筑工业出版社出版。
UNIT ONE
Text Marketing Strategies
Reading Material A Factors That Affect Demand and Supply
Reading Material BThe Structure of the Construction Industry
UNIT TWO
Text The Relationship of the Management Accounting Function
To the Management Process
Reading Material A An Overview of Capital Budgeting Analysis
Reading Material B Accounting Rate of Return
UNIT THREE
Text Computer Applications in Construction
Reading Material A Examples of Applications in Construction
Roading Material B Project
UNITFOUR
Text Tour de Force
Reading Material A Pier Failure Brings down Korean Bridge
Reading Material B Handshake under the Channel
UNIT FIVE
Text Building Companies in UK
Reading Material A Shares
Reading Material B Corporate Governance．
UNIT SIX
TextThe Big Six
Reading Material AThe Ministry of Construction
Reading Material BThe Construction Contract in Japan
UNIT SEVEN
Text Evolution of the Statement of Cash Flows
Reading Material A Nonquantitative Considerations
Reading Material BThe Accountant and the Future
UNIT EIGHT
Text Japanese Business Philosophy
Reading Material A Shimizu's Institute of Technology
Reading Material BThe Ultra-high-rise Building Contest
UNIT NINE
Text Analyzing Competitive Position in the Construction Market of Eastern Europe
Reading Material A Opportunities
Reading Material B Construction Management
UNIT TEN
Text Strategy Framework
Reading Material A Case Study
Reading Material B Work Force
UNIT ELEVEN
Text Limitations for Managers
Reading Material A Accounting for By-Products
Reading Materia!B Communications
UNIT TWELVE
Text Expenditure on Housing Policies
Reading Material A Externalities
Reading Material BRedistribution of Income
UNIT TH]RTEEN
Text Checklist of Critical Success Factors for Building Projects
Reading Material A Development of CPSFs
Reading Material B Checklist for Critical Success Factors
UNIT FOURTEEN
Text Employee Involvement in Engineering and Construction
Reading Material A Scientific Management
Reading Material B Employee Involvement Techniques
UNIT FIFTEEN
TextThe Cost Management Accounting Environment
Reading Material A Areas of Concentration
Reading Material B Brief Introduction to Computer Accounting Systems
UNIT SIXTEEN
Text Construction Competition and Competitive Strategies
Reading Material A Interview Research Findings
Reading Material B Key Factors to Remaining Competitive
AppendixⅠ Vocabulary
AppendixⅡ Translation for Reference
Appendix Ⅲ Key to Exercises
经过几十年的探索，外语教学界许多人认为，工科院校外语教学的主要目的，应该是：“使学生能够利用外语这个工具，通过阅读去获取国外的与本专业有关的科技信息。”这既是我们建设有中国特色的社会主义的客观需要，也是在当前条件下工科院校外语教学可能完成的最高目标。事实上，教学大纲规定要使学生具有“较强”的阅读能力，而对其他方面的能力只有“一般”要求，就是这个意思。
大学本科的一、二年级，为外语教学的基础阶段。就英语来说，这个阶段要求掌握的词汇量为2400个（去掉遗忘，平均每个课时10个单词）。加上中学阶段已经学会的工600个单词，基础阶段结束时应掌握的词汇量为4000个。仅仅掌握4000个单词，能否看懂专业英文书刊呢？还不能。据统计，掌握4000个单词，阅读一般的英文科技文献，生词量仍将有6％左右，即平均每百词有六个生词，还不能自由阅读。国外的外语教学专家认为，生词量在3，<以下，才能不借助词典，自由阅读。此时可以通过上下文的联系，把不认识的生词猜出来。那么，怎么样才能把6％的生词量降低到3％以下呢？自然，需要让学生增加一部分词汇积累。问题是，要增加多少单词？要增加哪一些单词？统计资料表明，在每一个专业的科技文献中，本专业最常用的科技术语大约只有几百个，而且它们在文献中重复出现的频率很高。因此，在已经掌握4000单词的基础上，在专业阅读阶段中，有针对性地通过大量阅读，扩充大约l000个与本专业密切有关的科技词汇，便可以逐步达到自由阅读本专业科技文献的目的。
早在八十年代中期，建设部系统院校外语教学研究会就组织编写了一套《土木建筑系列英语》，分八个专业，共12册。每个专业可选读其中的三、四册。那套教材在有关院校相应的专业使用多年，学生和任课教师反映良好。但是，根据当时的情况，那套教材定的起点较低（1000词起点），已不适合今天学生的情况。为此，在得到建设部人事教育劳动司的大力支持，并征得五个相关专业教学指导委员会同意之后，由建设部系统十几所院校一百余名外语教师和专业课教师按照统一的编写规划和要求，编写了这一套《建筑类专业英语》教材。
《建筑类专业英语》是根据国家教委颂发的《大学英语专业阅读阶段教学基本要求》编写的专业阅读教材，按照建筑类院校共同设置的五个较大的专业类别对口编写。五个专业类别为：建筑学与城市规划；建筑工程（即工业与民用建筑）；给水排水与环境保护；暖通、空调与燃气；建筑管理与财务会计。每个专业类别分别编写三册专业英语阅读教材，供该专业类别的学生在修完基础阶段英语后，在第五至第七学期专业阅读阶段使用，每学期一册。
插图：
Demand for construction work。like demand for products and services of all kinds，is avariable which changes for many reasons.（a）Pofitical decisions and legislation Public authorities account for roughly 40％of total demand for new non－housing work.Itfollows that sizeable variations in total demand can result from variations in demand from pub－lic authorities.The client with the biggest annual demand is central government’and this de－mand is translated specifically into work for the construction industry or direct employees ofpublic authorities by the various government departments.”（b）Industrial and social factors
The decision of oPEC to increase the price of oil had a far－reaching effect on energy poli－cy.②It increased costs of energy for transportation’fighting，power，heating and the cost ofoil－based products。Since that shattering event，energy needs and methods of meeting themhave never been out of the news for long。The whole question of oil supplies for the future hasbeen examined and re..examined and the offshore oil supplies have made a significant contribu－，tion to the problems So far as the UK and some other countries are concerned.
The oil price increase also had the effect of making it essential to look to alternativesources of energy.The coal industry has put forward plans for new mines to produce goodquality Coal。with sufficient reserves to last for many years.These plans when approved，willprovide work for the construction industry for years to come.
